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Virginia Administrative Code (Last Updated: January 10, 2017) |
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Title 12. Health |
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Agency 5. Department of Health |
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Chapter 590. Waterworks Regulations |
Section 940. Fluoride removal
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Fluoride removal may be accomplished by blending with a different quality water or by removal treatment.
A. Blending. Blended water must result in all water delivered to the distribution system being of the same quality.
B. Treatment.
1. Chemical feed shall conform to 12VAC5-590-860.
2. Treatment includes use of ion exchange, activated alumina, bone char, reverse osmosis or electrodialysis. Other processes may be utilized if they adequately defluoridate. The selected design is to be supported by pilot studies unless at least two pilot studies, or two prototype plants, have demonstrated that the selected design is feasible. Such studies or prototypes should be for waters having characteristics similar to the water that is to be treated.
3. Raw water pH shall be adjustable to an optimum level to achieve the best fluoride removal.
4. With any one unit out of service, the remaining unit or units must be capable of handling peak day flows.
5. Filter clogging constituents such as iron having a concentration greater than 1.0 milligrams per liter should be removed prior to defluoridation. If applicable, chlorination is to be applied after defluoridation.
6. Test equipment must be provided and must be accurate to at least 0.1 milligrams per liter.
7. An operation and maintenance (O & M) manual must be provided.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR355-18-009.10 § 3.31, eff. August 1, 1991.