Section 8434. Compliance

A. The provisions of 9VAC5-40-20 (Compliance) apply.

B. If requested by the board, an emission test of the control device installed on a heatset web offset lithographic printing process dryer shall be performed to demonstrate compliance with the provisions of 9VAC5-40-8424 B and C. The negative dryer pressure shall be established during the initial test using an airflow direction indicator, such as a smoke stick or aluminum ribbons, or a differential pressure gauge. The board may accept the results of an emission test conducted prior to the compliance date specified in 9VAC5-40-8436 if the owner or operator provides information and data that demonstrate that the test demonstrated compliance with the provisions of 9VAC5-40-8424 B and C.

C. Continuing compliance with the heatset web offset lithographic printing process dryer control requirements in 9VAC5-40-8424 B and C shall be demonstrated for the catalytic or thermal oxidation control device by monitoring the control device in accordance with 9VAC5-40-8440 B 3, B 4, and B 5. The owner shall maintain the three-hour average of the monitored temperature at a temperature no less than 50°F below the three-hour average temperature that was recorded during the most recent performance test during which compliance was demonstrated. In the absence of performance test results acceptable to the board that provide dryer control device temperatures that demonstrate continuing compliance with the requirements in 9VAC5-40-8424 B and C, control device temperatures that demonstrate compliance with manufacturer recommendations may be considered by the board to demonstrate compliance with heatset web offset lithographic printing process dryer control requirements in 9VAC5-40-8424 B and C.

D. A portion of the volatile organic compounds contained in inks and cleaning solution is retained in the printed web and in the shop towels used for cleaning. When applicable, the following retention factors may be used in determining volatile organic compounds emissions from offset lithographic printing operations:

1. A 20% volatile organic compound retention factor may be used for petroleum ink oils contained in heatset inks that are printed on absorptive substrates, meaning that 80% of the VOC (petroleum ink oil) in the ink is emitted during the printing process and is available for capture and control by an add-on pollution control device.

2. A 100% volatile organic compound retention factor may be used for vegetable ink oils contained in heatset inks that are printed on absorptive substrates, meaning that none of the VOC (vegetable ink oil) in the ink is emitted during the printing process and available for capture and control by an add-on pollution control device.

3. A 95% volatile organic compound retention factor may be used for petroleum ink oils contained in sheet-fed and non-heatset web inks printed on absorptive substrates, meaning that 5.0% of the VOC (petroleum ink oil) in the ink is emitted during the printing process.

4. A 100% volatile organic compound retention factor may be used for vegetable ink oils contained in sheet-fed and non-heatset web inks printed on absorptive substrates, meaning that none of the VOC (vegetable ink oil) in the ink is emitted during the printing process.

5. A 50% volatile organic compound retention factor may be used for cleaning solution VOC in shop towels for those cleaning solutions with a volatile organic compounds composite vapor pressure of no more than 10 millimeters of mercury (Hg) at 20°C (68°F) provided that the cleaning materials and used shop towels are kept in closed containers.

E. A portion of the volatile organic compounds contained in inks, fountain solutions, and automatic blanket washes is captured for control by add-on air pollution control equipment. When applicable, the following capture efficiencies may be used in determining volatile organic compounds emissions from offset lithographic printing operations:

1. A 40% volatile organic compound capture efficiency may be used for automatic blanket washing when the VOC composite vapor pressure of the cleaning material is less than 10 millimeters of mercury (Hg).

2. A 70% volatile organic compound capture efficiency may be used for alcohol substitutes in fountain solutions.

3. A 100% volatile organic compound capture efficiency may be used for VOC (petroleum ink oils) from oil-based paste inks and oil-based paste varnishes (coatings) when the dryer is demonstrated to be operating at negative pressure relative to the surrounding pressroom.

4. Conventional heatset lithographic inks and varnishes are paste-type materials. If other types of inks or coating materials are used on a heatset lithographic press (e.g., fluid inks or coatings), capture efficiency testing shall be conducted for the VOC from these other materials if the printer wants to take into account the effect that the dryer controls have on VOC emissions from these other types of inks or coatings.

Historical Notes

Derived from Volume 32, Issue 07, eff. February 1, 2016.

Statutory Authority

§ 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia; 110, 111, 123, 129, 171, 172, and 182 of the federal Clean Air Act; 40 CFR Parts 51 and 60.