Section 8422. Definitions

A. For the purpose of applying this article in the context of the regulations for the control and abatement of air pollution and related uses, the words or terms shall have the meanings given them in subsection C of this section.

B. Unless otherwise required by context, all terms not defined in this section shall have the meanings given them in 9VAC5-170 (Regulation for General Administration), 9VAC5-10 (General Definitions), or commonly ascribed to them by recognized authorities, in that order of priority.

C. Terms defined.

"Alcohol" means any of the following compounds when used as a fountain solution additive: ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol.

"Alcohol substitute" means any nonalcohol additive that contains volatile organic compounds and is used in the fountain solution.

"Batch" means a supply of fountain solution or cleaning solution that is prepared and used without alteration until completely used or removed from the printing process.

"Cleaning materials" means any washes, cleaners, solvents, or rejuvenators that are used to remove (i) excess printing inks, oils, and residual paper from a press, press equipment, or press parts or (ii) dried ink from areas around a press. Cleaning materials include solvents and cleaners used for manual cleaning and cleaning solutions used by automatic cleaning systems such as blanket wash, plate cleaner, metering roller cleaner, impression cylinder washes, rubber rejuvenators, and roller wash. Cleaning materials do not include cleaners used for cleaning electronic components of a press, pre-press cleaning operations (e.g., platemaking), post-press cleaning operations (e.g., binding), cleaning supplies such as detergents used to clean the floor (other than to remove dried ink from areas around a press), and cleaning performed in parts washers and cold cleaners subject to Article 47 (9VAC5-40-6820 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-40 (Existing Stationary Sources).

"Composite partial vapor pressure" means the sum of the partial pressures of the compounds defined as volatile organic compounds. Composite partial vapor pressure is calculated as follows:

where:

Wi	=	Weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in grams.
Ww	=	Weight of water, in grams.
We	=	Weight of exempt compound, in grams.
MWi	=	Molecular weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in grams/gram-mole.
MWw	=	Molecular weight of water, in grams/gram-mole.
MWe	=	Molecular weight of exempt compound, in grams/gram-mole.
PPc	=	VOC composite partial pressure at 20°C, in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).
VPi	=	Vapor pressure of the "i"th VOC compound at 20°C, in mm Hg.

"First installation date" means the date that a control device is first installed for the purpose of controlling emissions. The first installation date does not change if the control device is later moved to a new location or installed on a different press.

"Fountain solution" means any mixture of water, volatile and nonvolatile chemicals, and additives applied to a lithographic plate to repel ink from the nonimage area on the plate.

"Heatset" means a printing process in which heat from a dryer is used to evaporate ink oils from the substrate.

"Heatset web offset lithographic printing dryer" means the dryer or dryers installed as part of a heatset web offset lithographic printing process that dries inks or surface coatings.

"Lithographic printing" means a planographic printing process in which the image and nonimage areas are chemically differentiated with the image area being oil receptive and the nonimage area being water receptive. This process differs from other printing processes, where the image is a raised or recessed surface.

"Non-heatset" means a printing process in which the printing inks are set and dried by absorption or oxidation rather than heat. For the purposes of this article, UV-cured and electron beam-cured inks are considered non-heatset.

"Offset lithographic printing" means a printing process that transfers the ink film from the lithographic plate to an intermediary surface (blanket), which, in turn, transfers the ink film to the substrate.

"Offset lithographic printing operation" means one or more printing processes employing offset lithographic printing on printing presses and includes the related processes necessary to directly support the operation of those offset lithographic printing processes including, but not limited to, pre-press and post-press operations. Varnishes, glues, and other coatings that are applied by an offset lithographic printing process are part of offset lithographic printing operations and are not considered as a separate process (e.g., paper coating).

"Press" means a printing production assembly composed of one or more units to produce a printed substrate (sheet or web).

"Printing" means a photomechanical process in which a transfer of text, designs, and images occurs through contact of an image carrier with a substrate.

"Printing process" means any operation or system wherein printing ink or a combination of printing ink and surface coating is applied, dried, or cured and that is subject to the same emission standard. A printing process may include any equipment that applies, conveys, dries, or cures inks or surface coatings, including, but not limited to, flow coaters, flashoff areas, presses, digital output devices, fountain solutions, heaters, dryers, drying areas, and ovens.

"Sheet-fed" means a printing process in which individual sheets of substrate are fed into the press sequentially.

"Theoretical potential to emit" means for the purposes of this article the maximum capacity of a heatset web offset lithographic printing process to emit VOC and shall be based on emissions at design capacity or maximum production and maximum operating hours (8,760 hours/year) before add-on controls, unless the heatset web offset lithographic printing process is subject to state and federally enforceable permit conditions that limit production rates or hours of operation.

"12-month rolling period" means a period that is determined monthly and consists of the previous 12 consecutive calendar months.

"Unit" means the smallest complete printing component, composed of an inking system, of a printing press.

"VOC" means volatile organic compound.

"Web" means a continuous roll of printing substrate.

Historical Notes

Derived from Volume 32, Issue 07, eff. February 1, 2016.

Statutory Authority

§ 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia; 110, 111, 123, 129, 171, 172, and 182 of the federal Clean Air Act; 40 CFR Parts 51 and 60.