Section 210. Chapter 3 Use and occupancy classification

A. Change Section 303.6 of the IBC to read:

303.6 Assembly Group A-5. Assembly uses intended for participation in or viewing outdoor activities including, but not limited to:

Amusement park structures

Bleachers

Grandstands

Stadiums

Swimming pools

B. Change exception 13 of Section 307.1 of the IBC to read:

13. The storage of black powder, smokeless propellant and small arms primers in Groups M, R-3 and R-5 and special industrial explosive devices in Groups B, F, M and S, provided such storage conforms to the quantity limits and requirements prescribed in the IFC, as amended in Section 307.9.

C. Change the "Consumer fireworks" row in and add a new "Permissible fireworks" row to Table 307.1(1) of the IBC to read:

	Consumer fireworks	1.4G	H-3	125e,l	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
	Permissible fireworks	1.4G	H-3	125d,e,l	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

D. Add Section 307.9 to the IBC to read:

307.9 Amendments. The following changes shall be made to the IFC for the use of Exception 13 in Section 307.1:

1. Change the following definition in Section 202 of the IFC to read:

Smokeless propellants. Solid propellants, commonly referred to as smokeless powders, or any propellants classified by DOTn as smokeless propellants in accordance with NA3178 (Smokeless Powder for Small Arms), used in small arms ammunition, firearms, cannons, rockets, propellant-actuated devices, and similar articles.

2. Change Section 314.1 of the IFC to read as follows:

314.1 General. Indoor displays constructed within any building or structure shall comply with Sections 314.2 through 314.5.

3. Add new Section 314.5 to the IFC to read as follows:

314.5 Smokeless powder and small arms primers. Vendors shall not store, display or sell smokeless powder or small arms primers during trade shows inside exhibition halls except as follows:

1. The amount of smokeless powder each vender may store is limited to the storage arrangements and storage amounts established in Section 5606.5.2.1.

2. Smokeless powder shall remain in the manufacturer's original sealed container and the container shall remain sealed while inside the building. The repackaging of smokeless powder shall not be performed inside the building. Damaged containers shall not be repackaged inside the building and shall be immediately removed from the building in such manner to avoid spilling any powder.

3. There shall be at least 50 feet separation between vendors and 20 feet from any exit.

4. Small arms primers shall be displayed and stored in the manufacturer's original packaging and in accordance with the requirements of Section 5606.5.2.3.

4. Change Exception 4 and add Exceptions 10 and 11 to Section 5601.1 of the IFC as follows:

4. The possession, storage and use of not more than 15 pounds (6.75 kg) of commercially manufactured sporting black powder, 20 pounds (9 kg) of smokeless powder and any amount of small arms primers for hand loading of small arms ammunition for personal consumption.

10. The display of small arms primers in Group M when in the original manufacturer's packaging.

11. The possession, storage and use of not more than 50 pounds (23 kg) of commercially manufactured sporting black powder, 100 pounds (45 kg) of smokeless powder, and small arms primers for hand loading of small arms ammunition for personal consumption in Group R-3 or R-5, or 200 pounds (91 kg) of smokeless powder when stored in the manufacturer's original containers in detached Group U structures at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from inhabited buildings and are accessory to Group R-3 or R-5.

5. Change Section 5606.4 of the IFC to read as follows:

5606.4 Storage in residences. Propellants for personal use in quantities not exceeding 50 pounds (23 kg) of black powder or 100 pounds (45 kg) of smokeless powder shall be stored in original containers in occupancies limited to Group R-3 and R-5 or 200 pounds (91 kg) of smokeless powder when stored in the manufacturer's original containers in detached Group U structures at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from inhabited buildings and are accessory to Group R-3 or R-5. In other than Group R-3 or R-5, smokeless powder in quantities exceeding 20 pounds (9 kg) but not exceeding 50 pounds (23 kg) shall be kept in a wooden box or cabinet having walls of at least one inch (25 mm) nominal thickness or equivalent.

6. Delete Sections 5606.4.1 and 5606.4.2 of the IFC.

7. Change Section 5606.5.1.1 of the IFC to read as follows:

5606.5.1.1 Smokeless propellant. No more than 100 pounds (45 kg) of smokeless propellants in containers of eight pounds (3.6 kg) or less capacity shall be displayed in Group M occupancies.

8. Delete Section 5606.5.1.3 of the IFC.

9. Change Section 5606.5.2.1 of the IFC as follows:

5606.5.2.1 Smokeless propellant. Commercial stocks of smokeless propellants shall be stored as follows:

1. Quantities exceeding 20 pounds (9 kg), but not exceeding 100 pounds (45 kg) shall be stored in portable wooden boxes having walls of at least one inch (25 mm) nominal thickness or equivalent.

2. Quantities exceeding 100 pounds (45 kg), but not exceeding 800 pounds (363 kg), shall be stored in storage cabinets having walls at least one inch (25 mm) nominal thickness or equivalent. Not more than 400 pounds (182 kg) shall be stored in any one cabinet, and cabinets shall be separated by a distance of at least 25 feet (7620 mm) or by a fire partition having a fire-resistance rating of at least one hour.

3. Storage of quantities exceeding 800 pounds (363 kg), but not exceeding 5,000 pounds (2270 kg) in a building shall comply with all of the following:

3.1. The storage is inaccessible to unauthorized personnel.

3.2. Smokeless propellant shall be stored in nonportable storage cabinets having wood walls at least one inch (25 mm) nominal thickness or equivalent and having shelves with no more than 3 feet (914 mm) of vertical separation between shelves.

3.3. No more than 400 pounds (182 kg) is stored in any one cabinet.

3.4. Cabinets shall be located against walls with at least 40 feet (12 192 mm) between cabinets. The minimum required separation between cabinets may be reduced to 20 feet (6096 mm) provided that barricades twice the height of the cabinets are attached to the wall, midway between each cabinet. The barricades must extend a minimum of 10 feet (3048 mm) outward, be firmly attached to the wall, and be constructed of steel not less than 0.25 inch thick (6.4 mm), 2-inch (51 mm) nominal thickness wood, brick, or concrete block.

3.5. Smokeless propellant shall be separated from materials classified as combustible liquids, flammable liquids, flammable solids, or oxidizing materials by a distance of 25 feet (7620 mm) or by a fire partition having a fire-resistance rating of 1 hour.

3.6. The building shall be equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

4. Smokeless propellants not stored according to Item 1, 2, or 3 above shall be stored in a Type 2 or 4 magazine in accordance with Section 5604 and NFPA 495.

E. Add the following to the list of terms in Section 308.2 of the IBC:

Hospice facility

F. Change Section 308.3 of the IBC to read:

308.3 Institutional Group I-1. This occupancy shall include buildings, structures or portions thereof for more than 16 persons, excluding staff, who reside on a 24-hour basis in a supervised environment and receive custodial care. Buildings of Group I-1, other than assisted living facilities licensed by the Virginia Department of Social Services, shall be classified as the occupancy condition indicated in Section 308.3.1. Assisted living facilities licensed by the Virginia Department of Social Services shall be classified as one of the occupancy conditions indicated in Section 308.3.1 or 308.3.2. This group shall include, but not be limited to, the following:

Alcohol and drug centers

Assisted living facilities

Congregate care facilities

Group homes

Halfway houses

Residential board and care facilities

Social rehabilitation facilities

G. Change Sections 308.3.1 and 308.3.2 of the IBC to read:

308.3.1 Condition 1. This occupancy condition shall include buildings in which all persons receiving custodial care who, without any assistance, are capable of responding to an emergency situation to complete building evacuation. Not more than five of the residents may require physical assistance from staff to respond to an emergency situation when all residents who may require the physical assistance reside on a single level of exit discharge.

308.3.2 Condition 2. This occupancy condition shall include buildings in which there are persons receiving custodial care who require assistance by not more than one staff member while responding to an emergency situation to complete building evacuation. Five of the residents may require physical assistance from more than one staff member to respond to an emergency.

H. Add Sections 308.3.3 and 308.3.4 to the IBC to read:

308.3.3 Six to 16 persons receiving custodial care. A facility housing not fewer than six and not more than 16 persons receiving custodial care shall be classified as Group R-4.

308.3.4 Five or fewer persons receiving custodial care. A facility with five or fewer persons receiving custodial care shall be classified as Group R-3 or shall comply with the IRC provided an automatic sprinkler system is installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3 or with Section P2904 of the IRC.

I. Change Section 308.4 of the IBC to read:

308.4 Group I-2. This occupancy shall include buildings and structures used for medical care on a 24-hour basis for more than five persons who are incapable of self-preservation. This group shall include, but not be limited to, the following:

Convalescent facilities

Detoxification facilities

Foster care facilities

Hospice facilities

Hospitals

Nursing homes

Psychiatric hospitals

Exception: Hospice facilities occupied by 16 or less occupants, excluding staff, are permitted to be classified as Group R-4.

J. Add an exception to Section 308.6 of the IBC to read:

Exception: Family day homes under Section 310.9.

K. Change Section 310.3 of the IBC to read:

310.3 Residential Group R-1. Residential occupancies containing sleeping units where the occupants are primarily transient in nature, including:

Boarding houses (transient) with more than 10 occupants

Congregate living facilities (transient) with more than 10 occupants

Hotels (transient)

Motels (transient)

Exceptions:

1. Nonproprietor occupied bed and breakfast and other transient boarding facilities not more than three stories above grade plane in height with a maximum of 10 occupants total are permitted to be classified as either Group R-3 or R-5 provided that smoke alarms are installed in compliance with Section 907.2.11.2 for Group R-3 or Section R314 of the IRC for Group R-5.

2. Proprietor occupied bed and breakfast and other transient boarding facilities not more than three stories above grade plane in height, that are also occupied as the residence of the proprietor, with a maximum of five guest room sleeping units provided for the transient occupants are permitted to be classified as either Group R-3 or R-5 provided that smoke alarms are installed in compliance with Section 907.2.11.2 for Group R-3 or Section R314 of the IRC for Group R-5.

L. Change Section 310.6 of the IBC to read:

310.6 Residential Group R-4. This occupancy shall include buildings, structures or portions thereof for more than five but not more than 16 persons, excluding staff, who reside on a 24-hour basis in a supervised environment and receive custodial care. Buildings of Group R-4, other than assisted living facilities licensed by the Virginia Department of Social Services, shall be classified as the occupancy condition indicated in Section 310.6.1. Assisted living facilities licensed by the Virginia Department of Social Services shall be classified as one of the occupancy conditions indicated in Section 310.6.1 or 310.6.2. This group shall include, but not be limited to the following:

Alcohol and drug centers

Assisted living facilities

Congregate care facilities

Group homes

Halfway houses

Residential board and care facilities

Social rehabilitation facilities

This occupancy shall also include hospice facilities with not more than 16 occupants, excluding staff.

Group R-4 occupancies shall meet the requirements for construction as defined for Group R-3, except as otherwise provided for in this code.

Exceptions:

1. Group homes licensed by the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services that house no more than eight persons with one or more resident counselors shall be classified as Group R-2, R-3, R-4 or R-5. Not more than five of the persons may require physical assistance from staff to respond to an emergency situation.

2. In Group R-4 occupancies classified as the occupancy condition indicated in Section 310.6.1, other than in hospice facilities, not more than five of the residents may require physical assistance from staff to respond to an emergency situation when all residents who may require the physical assistance from staff reside on a single level of exit discharge and other than using a ramp, a change of elevation using steps or stairs is not within the path of egress to an exit door.

3. Assisted living facilities licensed by the Virginia Department of Social Services that house no more than eight persons, with one or more resident counselors, and all of the residents are capable of responding to an emergency situation without physical assistance from staff, may be classified as Group R-2, R-3 or R-5.

4. Assisted living facilities licensed by the Virginia Department of Social Services that house no more than eight persons, with one or more resident counselors, may be classified as Group R-5 when in compliance with all of the following:

4.1. The building is protected by an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3 or Section P2904 of the IRC.

4.2. Not more than five of the residents may require physical assistance from staff to respond to an emergency situation.

4.3. All residents who may require physical assistance from staff to respond to an emergency situation reside on a single level of exit discharge and other than using a ramp, a change in elevation using steps or stairs is not within the path of egress to an exit door.

5. Hospice facilities with five or fewer occupants are permitted to comply with the IRC provided the building is protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with IRC Section P2904 or IBC Section 903.3.

M. Add Sections 310.6.1 and 310.6.2 to the IBC to read:

310.6.1 Condition 1. This occupancy condition shall include buildings in which all persons receiving custodial care who, without any assistance, are capable of responding to an emergency situation to complete building evacuation and hospice facilities.

310.6.2 Condition 2. This occupancy condition shall include buildings in which there are persons receiving custodial care who require assistance by not more than one staff member while responding to an emergency situation to complete building evacuation.

N. Add Section 310.7 to the IBC to read:

310.7 Residential Group R-5. Residential occupancies in detached single-family and two-family dwellings, townhouses and accessory structures within the scope of the IRC.

O. Add Section 310.8 to the IBC to read:

310.8 Group R-5. The construction of Group R-5 structures shall comply with the IRC. The amendments to the IRC set out in Section 310.11 shall be made to the IRC for its use as part of this code. In addition, all references to the IRC in the IBC shall be considered to be references to this section.

P. Add Section 310.8.1 to the IBC to read:

310.8.1 Additional requirements. Methods of construction, materials, systems, equipment or components for Group R-5 structures not addressed by prescriptive or performance provisions of the IRC shall comply with applicable IBC requirements.

Q. Add Section 310.9 to the IBC to read:

310.9 Family day homes. Family day homes where program oversight is provided by the Virginia Department of Social Services shall be classified as Group R-2, R-3 or R-5.

Note: Family day homes may generally care for up to 12 children. See the DHCD Related Laws Package for additional information.

R. Add Section 310.10 to the IBC to read:

310.10 Radon-resistant construction in Groups R-3 and R-4 structures. Groups R-3 and R-4 structures shall be subject to the radon-resistant construction requirements in Appendix F of the IRC in localities enforcing such requirements pursuant to Section R324 of the IRC.

S. Add Section 310.11 to the IBC to read:

310.11 Amendments to the IRC. The following changes shall be made to the IRC for its use as part of this code:

1. Add the following definitions to read:

Nonpotable fixtures and outlets. Fixtures and outlets that are not dependent on potable water for the safe operation to perform their intended use. Such fixtures and outlets may include, but are not limited to water closets, urinals, irrigation, mechanical equipment, and hose connections to perform operations, such as vehicle washing and lawn maintenance.

Nonpotable water systems. Water systems for the collection, treatment, storage, distribution, and use or reuse of nonpotable water. Nonpotable systems include reclaimed water, rainwater, and gray water systems.

Rainwater. Natural precipitation, including snow melt, from roof surfaces only.

Stormwater. Precipitation that is discharged across the land surface or through conveyances to one or more waterways and that may include stormwater runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage.

2. Change the following definitions to read:

Attic, habitable. A finished or unfinished area, not considered a story, complying with all of the following requirements:

1. The occupiable floor area is at least 70 square feet (17 m²), in accordance with Section R304,

2. The occupiable floor area has a ceiling height in accordance with Section R305, and

3. The occupiable space is enclosed by the roof assembly above, knee walls (if applicable) on the sides and the floor-ceiling assembly below.

Habitable attics greater than two-thirds of the area of the story below or over 400 square feet (37.16 m²) shall not be permitted in dwellings or townhouses that are three stories above grade plane in height.

Gray water. Water discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers, and laundry trays.

3. Change Section R301.2.1 to read:

R301.2.1 Wind design criteria. Buildings and portions thereof shall be constructed in accordance with the wind provisions of this code using the basic wind speed in Table R301.2(1) as determined from Figure R301.2(4)A. The structural provisions of this code for wind loads are not permitted where wind design is required as specified in Section R301.2.1.1. Where different construction methods and structural materials are used for various portions of a building, the applicable requirements of this section for each portion shall apply. Where not otherwise specified, the wind loads listed in Table R301.2(2) adjusted for height and exposure using Table R301.2(3) shall be used to determine design load performance requirements for wall coverings, curtain walls, roof coverings, exterior windows, skylights, garage doors, and exterior doors. Asphalt shingles shall be designed for wind speeds in accordance with Section R905.2.4. A continuous load path shall be provided to transmit the applicable uplift forces in Section R802.11.1 from the roof assembly to the foundation. Wind speeds for localities in special wind regions, near mountainous terrain, and near gorges shall be based on elevation. Areas at 4,000 feet in elevation or higher shall use 110 V mph (48.4 m/s) and areas under 4,000 feet in elevation shall use 90 V mph (39.6 m/s). Gorge areas shall be based on the highest recorded speed per locality or in accordance with local jurisdiction requirements determined in accordance with Section 26.5.1 of ASCE 7.

4. Add Exception 6 to Section R302.1 to read:

6. Decks and open porches.

5. Change the exception in Section R302.2 to require a common two-hour fire-resistance-rated wall instead of a one-hour fire-resistance-rated wall, unless the townhouse development is fully sprinklered as provided for in Section R313.1, in which case a common one-hour fire-resistive-rated wall shall be permitted between townhouses.

6. Add the following sentence to the end of Section R302.3 to read:

Dwelling unit separation wall assemblies that are constructed on a lot line shall be constructed as required in Section R302.2 for townhouses.

7. Change Section R302.5.1 to read:

R302.5.1 Opening protection. Openings from a private garage directly into a room used for sleeping purposes shall not be permitted. Other openings between the garage and residence shall be equipped with solid wood doors not less than 1‑3/8 inches (35 mm) thickness, solid or honeycomb-core steel doors not less than 1‑3/8 inches (35 mm) thick, or 20-minute fire-rated doors.

8. Add an exception to Section R303.9 to read:

Exception: Seasonal structures not used as a primary residence for more than 90 days per year, unless rented, leased or let on terms expressed or implied to furnish heat, shall not be required to comply with this section.

9. Add Section R303.9.1 to read:

R303.9.1 Nonowner occupied required heating. Every dwelling unit or portion thereof which is to be rented, leased or let on terms either expressed or implied to furnish heat to the occupants thereof shall be provided with facilities in accordance with Section R303.9 during the period from October 15 to May 1.

10. Add Section R303.10 to read:

R303.10 Insect screens. Every door, window and other outside opening required for ventilation purposes shall be supplied with approved tightly fitted screens of not less than 16 mesh per inch (16 mesh per 25 mm) and every screen door used for insect control shall have a self-closing device.

11. Add Section R306.5 to read:

R306.5 Water supply sources and sewage disposal systems. The water and drainage system of any building or premises where plumbing fixtures are installed shall be connected to a public or private water supply and a public or private sewer system. As provided for in Section 103.10 of Part I of the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (13VAC5-63), for functional design, water supply sources and sewage disposal systems are regulated and approved by the Virginia Department of Health and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.

Note: See also the Memorandums of Agreement in the "Related Laws Package," which is available from the Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development.

12. Change Section R310.1 to read:

R310.1 Emergency escape and rescue required. Basements, habitable attics, and every sleeping room designated on the construction documents shall have at least one operable emergency escape and rescue opening. Where basements contain one or more sleeping rooms, emergency egress and rescue openings shall be required in each sleeping room. Where emergency escape and rescue openings are provided, they shall have a sill height of not more than 44 inches (1118 mm) measured from the finished floor to the bottom of the clear opening. Where a door opening having a threshold below the adjacent ground elevation serves as an emergency escape and rescue opening and is provided with a bulkhead enclosure, the bulkhead enclosure shall comply with Section R310.3. The net clear opening dimensions required by this section shall be obtained by the normal operation of the emergency escape and rescue opening from the inside, except that tilt-out or removable sash designed windows shall be permitted to be used. Emergency escape and rescue openings with a finished height below the adjacent ground elevation shall be provided with a window well in accordance with Section R310.2. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall open directly into a public way, or to a yard or court that opens to a public way.

Exceptions:

1. Dwelling units equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with NFPA 13, 13R, or 13D or Section P2904.

2. Basements used only to house mechanical equipment and not exceeding total floor area of 200 square feet (18.58 m²).

13. Change Section R310.1.1 to read:

R310.1.1 Minimum opening area. All emergency escape and rescue openings shall have a minimum net clear opening of 5.7 square feet (0.530 m²), including the tilting or removal of the sash as the normal operation to comply with Sections R310.1.2 and R310.1.3.

Exception: Grade floor openings shall have a minimum net clear opening of 5 square feet (0.465 m²).

14. Add Section R311.2.1 to read:

R311.2.1 Interior passage. Where a dwelling unit has both a kitchen and a living or entertainment area on the same level as the egress door required by Section R311.2, an interior passage route shall be provided from such egress door to the kitchen and the living or entertainment area and to at least one bedroom and at least one bathroom containing a water closet, lavatory and bathtub or shower, where such rooms are provided on that same level. Any doors or cased openings along such interior passage route providing access to the areas identified above shall comply with the following.

1. Cased openings shall provide a minimum 34-inch clear width.

2. Doors shall be, at a minimum, nominal 34-inch doors.

Exceptions:

1. Where a door or cased opening, and its associated molding or trim, is at the end and facing the length of a hallway and the width of the hallway is not wide enough to accommodate such doors or cased openings.

2. Closet doors or cased openings.

3. Pantry door or cased openings.

4. Bathrooms accessed directly from a bedroom that is not required to comply with this section.

15. Change the exception in Section R311.3.1 to read:

Exception: The landing or floor on the exterior side shall not be more than 8-1/4 inches (210 mm) below the top of the threshold provided the door does not swing over the landing or floor.

16. Change Section R311.7.5.1 to read:

R311.7.5.1 Risers. The maximum riser height shall be 8-1/4 inches (210 mm). The riser shall be measured vertically between the leading edges of the adjacent treads. The greatest riser height within any flight of stairs shall not exceed the smallest by more than 3/8 inch (9.5 mm). Risers shall be vertical or sloped from the underside of the nosing of the tread above at an angle not more than 30 degrees (0.51 rad) from the vertical. Open risers are permitted provided that the opening between treads does not permit the passage of a 4-inch-diameter (102 mm) sphere.

Exception: The opening between adjacent treads is not limited on stairs with a total rise of 30 inches (762 mm) or less.

17. Change Section R311.7.5.2 to read:

R311.7.5.2 Treads. The minimum tread depth shall be 9 inches (229 mm). The tread depth shall be measured horizontally between the vertical planes of the foremost projection of adjacent treads and at a right angle to the tread's leading edge. The greatest tread depth within any flight of stairs shall not exceed the smallest by more than 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).

18. Change Section R311.7.7 to read:

R311.7.7 Stairway walking surface. The walking surface of treads and landings of stairways shall be level or sloped no steeper than one unit vertical in 48 units horizontal (2.0% slope).

19. Change Section R312.2.1 to read:

R312.2.1 Window sills. In dwelling units, where the opening of an operable window is located more than 72 inches (1829 mm) above the finished grade or surface below, the lowest part of the clear opening of the window shall be a minimum of 18 inches (457 mm) above the finished floor of the room in which the window is located. Operable sections of windows shall not permit openings that allow passage of a 4-inch-diameter (102 mm) sphere where such openings are located within 18 inches (457 mm) of the finished floor.

Exceptions:

1. Windows whose openings will not allow a 4-inch-diameter (102 mm) sphere to pass through the opening when the opening is in its largest opened position.

2. Openings that are provided with window fall prevention devices that comply with ASTM F 2090.

3.Windows that are provided with window opening control devices that comply with Section R312.2.2.

20. Replace Section R313 with the following:

Section R313.

Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems.

R313.1 Townhouse automatic fire sprinkler systems. Notwithstanding the requirements of Section 103.8, where installed, an automatic residential fire sprinkler system for townhouses shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 13D or Section P2904.

Exception: An automatic residential fire sprinkler system shall not be required when additions or alterations are made to existing townhouses that do not have an automatic residential fire sprinkler system installed.

R313.2 One-family and two-family dwellings automatic fire sprinkler systems. Notwithstanding the requirements of Section 103.8, where installed, an automatic residential fire sprinkler system shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 13D or Section P2904.

Exception: An automatic residential fire sprinkler system shall not be required for additions or alterations to existing buildings that are not already provided with an automatic residential fire sprinkler system.

21. Change Section R314.2 to read:

R314.2 Smoke detection systems. Household fire alarm systems installed in accordance with NFPA 72 that include smoke alarms, or a combination of smoke detector and audible notification device installed as required by this section for smoke alarms, shall be permitted. The household fire alarm system shall provide the same level of smoke detection and alarm as required by this section for smoke alarms. Where a household fire warning system is installed using a combination of smoke detector and audible notification device(s), the system shall become a permanent fixture of the dwelling unit.

Exception: Where smoke alarms are provided meeting the requirements of Section R314.4.

22. Delete Section R314.3.1.

23. Delete Section R315.3.

24. Change Section R315.4 to read:

R315.4 Alarm requirements. Single station carbon monoxide alarms shall be hard wired, plug-in or battery type; listed as complying with UL 2034; and installed in accordance with this code and the manufacturer's installation instructions.

25. Add Exception 3 to Section R317.1.4 to read:

3. Deck posts supported by concrete piers or metal pedestals projecting a minimum of one inch (25.4 mm) above a concrete floor or six inches (152 mm) above exposed earth.

26. Add Section R320.2 to read:

R320.2 Universal design features for accessibility in dwellings. Dwellings constructed under the IRC not subject to Section R320.1 may comply with Section 1109.16 of the USBC and be approved by the local building department as dwellings containing universal design features for accessibility.

27. Add Section R324 Radon-Resistant Construction.

28. Add Section R324.1 to read:

R324.1 Local enforcement of radon requirements. Following official action under Article 7 (§ 15.2-2280 et seq.) of Chapter 22 of Title 15.2 of the Code of Virginia by a locality in areas of high radon potential, as indicated by Zone 1 on the U.S. EPA Map of Radon Zones (IRC Figure AF101), such locality shall enforce the provisions contained in Appendix F.

Exception: Buildings or portions thereof with crawl space foundations which are ventilated to the exterior, shall not be required to provide radon-resistant construction.

29. Add Section R325 Swimming Pools.

30. Add Section R325.1 to read:

R325.1 Swimming pools. In addition to other applicable provisions of this code, swimming pools, as defined in the USBC, shall comply with the applicable provisions of the ISPSC.

31. Add Section R326 Patio Covers.

32. Add Section R326.1 to read:

R326.1 Use of Appendix H for patio covers. Patio covers shall comply with the provisions in Appendix H.

33. Add Section R327 Sound Transmission.

34. Add Section R327.1 to read:

R327.1 Sound transmission between dwelling units. Construction assemblies separating dwelling units shall provide airborne sound insulation as required in Appendix K.

35. Add Section R327.2 to read:

R327.2 Airport noise attenuation. This section applies to the construction of the exterior envelope of detached one-family and two-family dwellings and multiple single-family dwellings (townhouses) not more than three stories high with separate means of egress within airport noise zones when enforced by a locality pursuant to § 15.2-2295 of the Code of Virginia. The exterior envelope of such structures shall comply with Section 1207.4 of the state amendments to the IBC.

36. Add Section R328 Fire Extinguishers.

37. Add Section R328.1 to read:

R328.1 Kitchen areas. Other than where the dwelling is equipped with an approved sprinkler system in accordance with Section R313, a fire extinguisher having a rating of 2-A:10-B:C or an approved equivalent type of fire extinguisher shall be installed in the kitchen area.

38. Change Section R401.3 to read:

R401.3 Drainage. Surface drainage shall be diverted to a storm sewer conveyance or other approved point of collection that does not create a hazard to the dwelling unit. Lots shall be graded to drain surface water away from foundation walls. The grade shall fall a minimum of six inches (152 mm) within the first 10 feet (3048 mm).

Exception: Where lot lines, walls, slopes or other physical barriers prohibit six inches (152 mm) of fall within 10 feet (3048 mm), drains or swales shall be constructed to ensure drainage away from the structure. Impervious surfaces within 10 feet (3048 mm) of the building foundation shall be sloped a minimum of 2.0% away from the building.

39. Change Section R403.1 to read:

R403.1 General. All exterior walls shall be supported on continuous solid or fully grouted masonry or concrete footings, wood foundations, or other approved structural systems that shall be of sufficient design to accommodate all loads according to Section R301 and to transmit the resulting loads to the soil within the limitations as determined from the character of the soil. Footings shall be supported on undisturbed natural soils or engineered fill.

Exceptions:

1. One-story detached accessory structures used as tool and storage sheds, playhouses and similar uses, not exceeding 256 square feet (23.7824 m²) of building area, provided all of the following conditions are met:

1.1. The building eave height is 10 feet or less.

1.2. The maximum height from the finished floor level to grade does not exceed 18 inches.

1.3. The supporting structural elements in direct contact with the ground shall be placed level on firm soil and when such elements are wood they shall be approved pressure preservative treated suitable for ground contact use.

1.4. The structure is anchored to withstand wind loads as required by this code.

1.5. The structure shall be of light-frame construction whose vertical and horizontal structural elements are primarily formed by a system of repetitive wood or light gauge steel framing members, with walls and roof of light weight material, not slate, tile, brick or masonry.

2. Footings are not required for ramps serving dwelling units in Group R-3 and R-5 occupancies where the height of the entrance is no more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade.

40. Add Section R408.3.1 to read as follows and delete Section R501.3 in its entirety:

R408.3.1 Termite inspection. Where an unvented crawl space is installed and meets the criteria in Section R408, the vertical face of the sill plate shall be clear and unobstructed and an inspection gap shall be provided below the sill plate along the top of any interior foundation wall covering. The gap shall be a minimum of one inch (25.4 mm) and a maximum of two inches (50.8 mm) in width and shall extend throughout all parts of any foundation that is enclosed. Joints between the sill plate and the top of any interior wall covering may be sealed.

Exceptions:

1. In areas not subject to damage by termites as indicated by Table R301.2(1).

2. Where other approved means are provided to inspect for potential damage.

Where pier and curtain foundations are installed as depicted in Figure R404.1.5(1), the inside face of the rim joist and sill plate shall be clear and unobstructed except for construction joints which may be sealed.

Exception: Fiberglass or similar insulation may be installed if easily removable.

41. Change the indicated rows of Table R502.3.1(1) to read:

	Joist Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf				Dead Load = 20 psf
			2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
			Maximum floor joist spans
			(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)
	12	Southern Pine SS	12‑3	16‑2	20‑8	25‑1	12‑3	16‑2	20‑8	25‑1
		Southern Pine #1	11‑10	15‑7	19 10	24‑2	11‑10	15‑7	18‑7	22‑0
		Southern Pine #2	11‑3	14‑11	18‑1	21‑4	10‑9	13‑8	16‑2	19‑1
		Southern Pine #3	9‑2	11‑6	14‑0	16‑6	8‑2	10‑3	12‑6	14‑9
	16	Southern Pine SS	11‑2	14‑8	18‑9	22‑10	11‑2	14‑8	18‑9	22‑10
		Southern Pine #1	10‑9	14‑2	18‑0	21‑4	10‑9	13‑9	16‑1	19‑1
		Southern Pine #2	10‑3	13‑3	15‑8	18‑6	9‑4	11‑10	14‑0	16‑6
		Southern Pine #3	7‑11	10‑0	12‑1	14‑4	7‑1	8‑11	10‑10	12‑10
	19.2	Southern Pine SS	10‑6	13‑10	17‑8	21‑6	10‑6	13‑10	17‑8	21‑6
		Southern Pine #1	10‑1	13‑4	16‑5	19‑6	9‑11	12‑7	14‑8	17‑5
		Southern Pine #2	9‑6	12‑1	14‑4	16‑10	8‑6	10‑10	12‑10	15‑1
		Southern Pine #3	7‑3	9‑1	11‑0	13‑1	6‑5	8‑2	9‑10	11‑8
	24	Southern Pine SS	9‑9	12‑10	16‑5	19‑11	9‑9	12‑10	16‑5	19‑8
		Southern Pine #1	9‑4	12‑4	14‑8	17‑5	8‑10	11‑3	13‑1	15‑7
		Southern Pine #2	8‑6	10‑10	12‑10	15‑1	7‑7	9‑8	11‑5	13‑6
		Southern Pine #3	6‑5	8‑2	9‑10	11‑8	5‑9	7‑3	8‑10	10‑5

42. Change the indicated rows of Table R502.3.1(2) to read:

	Joist Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf				Dead Load = 20 psf
			2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
			Maximum floor joist spans
			(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)	(ft.-in.)
	12	Southern Pine SS	11‑2	14‑8	18‑9	22‑10	11‑2	14‑8	18‑9	22‑10
		Southern Pine #1	10‑9	14‑2	18‑0	21‑11	10‑9	14‑2	16‑11	20‑1
		Southern Pine #2	10‑3	13‑6	16‑2	19‑1	9‑10	12‑6	14‑9	17‑5
		Southern Pine #3	8‑2	10‑3	12‑6	14‑9	7‑5	9‑5	11‑5	13‑6
	16	Southern Pine SS	10‑2	13‑4	17‑0	20‑9	10‑2	13‑4	17‑0	20‑9
		Southern Pine #1	9‑9	12‑10	16‑1	19‑1	9‑9	12‑7	14‑8	17‑5
		Southern Pine #2	9‑4	11‑10	14‑0	16‑6	8‑6	10‑10	12‑10	15‑1
		Southern Pine #3	7‑1	8‑11	10‑10	12‑10	6‑5	8‑2	9‑10	11‑8
	19.2	Southern Pine SS	9‑6	12‑7	16‑0	19‑6	9‑6	12‑7	16‑0	19‑6
		Southern Pine #1	9‑2	12‑1	14‑8	17‑5	9‑0	11‑5	13‑5	15‑11
		Southern Pine #2	8‑6	10‑10	12‑10	15‑1	7‑9	9‑10	11‑8	13‑9
		Southern Pine #3	6‑5	8‑2	9‑10	11‑8	5‑11	7‑5	9‑0	10‑8
	24	Southern Pine SS	8‑10	11‑8	14‑11	18‑1	8‑10	11‑8	14‑11	18‑0
		Southern Pine #1	8‑6	11‑3	13‑1	15‑7	8‑1	10‑3	12‑0	14‑3
		Southern Pine #2	7‑7	9‑8	11‑5	13‑6	7‑0	8‑10	10‑5	12‑4
		Southern Pine #3	5‑9	7‑3	8‑10	10‑5	5‑3	6‑8	8‑1	9-6

43. Change footnote "b" in Table R502.3.3(1) to read:

b. Spans are based on minimum design properties for No. 2 Grade lumber of Douglas fir-larch, hem-fir, and spruce-pine-fir for repetitive (three or more) members. No. 1 or better grade lumber shall be used for southern pine.

44. Change footnote "a" in Table R502.3.3(2) to read:

a. Spans are based on minimum design properties for No. 2 Grade lumber of Douglas fir-larch, hem-fir, and spruce-pine-fir for repetitive (three or more) members. No. 1 or better grade lumber shall be used for southern pine.

45. Change Section R502.5 to read:

R502.5 Allowable girder and header spans. The allowable spans of girders and headers fabricated of dimension lumber shall not exceed the values set forth in Tables R502.5(1) through R502.5(3).

46. Change the title and footnote "b" of Table R502.5(1) to read:

Table R502.5(1)

Girder Spans^a,b and Header Spans^a,b for Exterior Bearing Walls

(Maximum Spans for Douglas fir-larch, hem-fir, southern pine, and spruce-pine-fir^b and required number of jack studs)

b. Spans are based on minimum design properties for No. 2 Grade lumber of Douglas fir-larch, hem-fir, and spruce-pine-fir. No. 1 or better grade lumber shall be used for southern pine.

47. Change the title and footnote "b" of Table R502.5(2) to read:

Table R502.5(2)

Girder Spans^a,b and Header Spans^a,b for Interior Bearing Walls

(Maximum Spans for Douglas fir-larch, hem-fir, southern pine, and spruce-pine-fir^b and required number of jack studs)

b. Spans are based on minimum design properties for No. 2 Grade lumber of Douglas fir-larch, hem-fir, and spruce-pine-fir. No. 1 or better grade lumber shall be used for southern pine.

48. Add Table R502.5(3) to read:

	Table R502.5(3) Girder and Header Spans a for Porches b, c (Maximum span for southern pine)
	Supporting	Size	Porch Width (ft)
			8	14
	Roof	2-2x4	6'-11"	5'-3"
		2-2x6	9'-11"	7'-6"
		2-2x8	12'-10"	9'-8"
		2-2x10	16'-8"	12'-7"
		2-2x12	19'-6"	14'-9"
	Floor	2-2x4	5'-1"	3'-10"
		2-2x6	7'-4"	5'-6"
		2-2x8	9'-5"	7'-1"
		2-2x10	12'-2"	9'-3"
		2-2x12	14'-4"	10'-10"
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Spans are given in feet and inches. b. Tabulated values based on 30 psf ground snow load, L/240 deflection and No. 2 grade lumber. c. The values of this table shall be equivalent to a roof live load of 20 psf.

49. Change Section R506.2.1 to read:

R506.2.1 Fill. Fill material shall be free of vegetation and foreign material and shall be natural nonorganic material that is not susceptible to swelling when exposed to moisture. The fill shall be compacted to assure uniform support of the slab, and except where approved, the fill depth shall not exceed 24 inches (610 mm) for clean sand or gravel and 8 inches (203 mm) for earth.

Exception: Material other than natural material may be used as fill material when accompanied by a certification from an RDP and approved by the building official.

50. Change Section R506.2.2 to read:

R506.2.2 Base. A 4-inch-thick (102 mm) base course consisting of clean graded sand, gravel or crushed stone passing a 2-inch (51 mm) sieve shall be placed on the prepared subgrade when the slab is below grade.

Exception: A base course is not required when the concrete slab is installed on well drained or sand-gravel mixture soils classified as Group I according to the United Soil Classification System in accordance with Table R405.1. Material other than natural material may be used as base course material when accompanied by a certification from an RDP and approved by the building official.

51. Change Section R507.1 to read:

R507.1 Decks. Wood-framed decks shall be in accordance with this section or Section R301 for materials and conditions not prescribed in this section. Where supported by attachment to an exterior wall, decks shall be positively anchored to the primary structure and designed for both vertical and lateral loads. Such attachment shall not be accomplished by the use of toenails or nails subject to withdrawal. Where positive connection to the primary building structure cannot be verified during inspection, decks shall be self-supporting. For decks with cantilevered framing members, connections to exterior walls or other framing members shall be designed and constructed to resist uplift resulting from the full live load specified in Table R301.5 acting on the cantilevered portion of the deck.

52. Add Sections R507.4 through R507.8 to read:

R507.4 Decking. Maximum allowable spacing for wood joists supporting decking shall be in accordance with Table R507.4. Wood decking shall be attached to each supporting member with a minimum of two 8d nails or two #8 wood screws.

	Table R507.4 Maximum Joist Spacing (inches)
	Material Type and Nominal Size	Maximum Joist Spacing
		Perpendicular to Joist	Diagonal to Joista
	5/4-inch thick wood	16	12
	2-inch thick wood	24	16
	Wood/plastic composite	per R507.3	per R507.3
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm a. Maximum angle of 45 degrees from perpendicular for wood deck boards.

R507.5 Deck joists. Maximum allowable spans for wood deck joists, as shown in Figure R507.5, shall be in accordance with Table R507.5. Deck joist shall be permitted to cantilever a maximum of one-fourth of the actual, adjacent joist span.

	Table R507.5 Deck Joist Spansa and Cantileversa for Common Lumber Species
	Speciesb	Size	Allowable Joist Spanc			Allowable Cantileverd,e
			Spacing of deck joists (in.)			Spacing of deck joists (in.)
			12	16	24	12	16	24
	Southern pine	2 x 6	9-11	9-0	7-7	1‑3	1‑4	1‑6
		2 x 8	13-1	11‑10	9-8	2-1	2-3	2-5
		2 x 10	16-2	14-0	11‑5	3-4	3-6	2-10
		2 x 12	18-0	16-6	13-6	4-6	4-2	3-4
	Douglas fir-larchf, hem-firf, spruce-pine-firf	2 x 6	9-6	8-4	6-10	1‑2	1‑3	1‑5
		2 x 8	12-6	11‑1	9-1	1‑11	2-1	2-3
		2 x 10	15-8	13‑7	11‑1	3-1	3-5	2-9
		2 x 12	18-0	15‑9	12-10	4-6	3-11	3-3
	Redwood, western cedars, ponderosa pineg, red pineg	2 x 6	8-10	8-0	6-10	1‑0	1‑1	1‑2
		2 x 8	11‑8	10‑7	8-8	1‑8	1‑10	2-0
		2 x 10	14-11	13‑0	10-7	2-8	2-10	2-8
		2 x 12	17-5	15-1	12-4	3-10	3-9	3-1
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Spans and cantilevers are given in feet and inches. b. No. 2 grade with wet service factor. c. Ground snow load, live load = 40 psf, dead load = 10 psf, L/Δ = 360. d. Ground snow load, live load = 40 psf, dead load = 10 psf, L/Δ = 360 at main span, L/Δ = 180 at cantilever with a 220 pound point load applied to end. e. Maximum allowable cantilever shall not exceed one-fourth of the actual joist span. f. Includes incising factor. g. Northern species with no incising factor.

R507.5.1 Lateral restraint at supports. Joist ends and bearing locations shall be provided with lateral restraint to prevent rotation. Where lateral restraint is provided by joist hangers or blocking between joists, their depth shall equal not less than 60% of the joist depth. Where lateral restraint is provided by rim joists, they shall be secured to the end of each joist with a minimum of (3)10d (3-inch x 0.128-inch) nails or (3)#10x3 inch (76 mm) long wood screws.

R507.6 Deck beams. Maximum allowable spans for wood deck beams, as shown in Figure R507.6, shall be in accordance with Table R507.6. Beam plies shall be fastened with two rows of 10d (3-inch x 0.128-inch) nails minimum at 16 inches (406 mm) on center along each edge. Beams shall be permitted to cantilever at each end up to one-fourth of the beam span. Splices of multi-span beams shall be located at interior post locations.

	Table R507.6 Deck Beam Spana Lengthsb,c
	Speciesd	Sizee	Deck Joist Span (feet) Less Than or Equal To:
			6	8	10	12	14	16	18
	Southern pine	2-2x6	6-11	5-11	5-4	4-10	4-6	4-3	4-0
		2-2x8	8-9	7-7	6-9	6-2	5-9	5-4	5-0
		2-2x10	10-4	9-0	8-0	7-4	6-9	6-4	6-0
		2-2x12	12-2	10-7	9-5	8-7	8-0	7-6	7-0
		3-2x6	8-2	7-5	6-8	6-1	5-8	5-3	5-0
		3-2x8	10-10	9-6	8-6	7-9	7-2	6-8	6-4
		3-2x10	13-0	11‑3	10-0	9-2	8-6	7-11	7-6
		3-2x12	15-3	13-3	11‑10	10-9	10-0	9-4	8-10
	Douglas fir-larchf, hem-firf, spruce-pine-firf, redwood, western cedars, ponderosa pineg, red pineg	3x6 or 2-2x6	5-5	4-8	4-2	3-10	3-6	3-1	2-9
		3x8 or 2-2x8	6-10	5-11	5-4	4-10	4-6	4-1	3-8
		3x10 or 2-2x10	8-4	7-3	6-6	5-11	5-6	5-1	4-8
		3x12 or 2-2x12	9-8	8-5	7-6	6-10	6-4	5-11	5-7
		4x6	6-5	5-6	4-11	4-6	4-2	3-11	3-8
		4x8	8-5	7-3	6-6	5-11	5-6	5-2	4-10
		4x10	9-11	8-7	7-8	7-0	6-6	6-1	5-8
		4x12	11‑5	9-11	8-10	8-1	7-6	7-0	6-7
		3-2x6	7-4	6-8	6-0	5-6	5-1	4-9	4-6
		3-2x8	9-8	8-6	7-7	6-11	6-5	6-0	5-8
		3-2x10	12-0	10-5	9-4	8-6	7-10	7-4	6-11
		3-2x12	13-11	12-1	10-9	9-10	9-1	8-6	8-1
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Spans are given in feet and inches. b. Ground snow load, live load = 40 psf, dead load = 10 psf, L/Δ = 360 at main span, L/Δ = 180 at cantilever with a 220 pound point load applied at the end. c. Beams supporting deck joists from one side only. d. No. 2 grade, wet service factor. e. Beam depth shall be greater than or equal to depth of joists with a flush beam condition. f. Includes incising factor. g. Northern species with no incising factor.

R507.7 Deck joist and deck beam bearing. The ends of each joist and beam shall have not less than 1.5 inches (38 mm) of bearing on wood or metal and not less than three inches (76 mm) on concrete or masonry for the entire width of the beam. Joist framing into the side of a ledger board or beam shall be supported by approved joist hangers. Joists bearing on a beam shall be attached to the beam to resist lateral displacement.

R507.7.1 Deck beam to deck post. Deck beams shall be attached to deck posts in accordance with Figure R507.7.1 or by other equivalent means capable to resist lateral displacement. Manufactured post-to-beam connectors shall be sized for the post and beam sizes. All bolts shall have washers under the head and nut.

Exception: Where deck beams bear directly on footings in accordance with Section R507.8.1.

R507.8 Deck posts. For single level wood-framed decks with beams sized in accordance with Table R507.6, deck post size shall be in accordance with Table R507.8.

	Table R507.8 Deck Post Heighta (feet)
	Deck Post Size	Maximum Heighta
	4x4	8
	4x6	8
	6x6	14
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Measured to the underside of the beam.

R507.8.1 Deck post to deck footing. Posts shall bear on footings in accordance with Section R403 and Figure R507.8.1. Posts shall be restrained to prevent lateral displacement at the footing. Lateral restraint shall be provided by manufactured connectors installed in accordance with the manufacturers' installation instructions or by a minimum post embedment of 12 inches (304.8 mm) in surrounding soils or concrete piers.

Figure R507.8.1

Typical Deck Posts to Deck Footings

53. Change Section R602.3.1 to read:

R602.3.1 Stud size, height, and spacing. The size, height, and spacing of studs shall be in accordance with Table R602.3(5).

Exceptions:

1. Utility grade studs shall not be spaced more than 16 inches (406 mm) on center, shall not support more than a roof and ceiling, and shall not exceed eight feet (2438 mm) in height for exterior walls and load-bearing walls or 10 feet (3048 mm) for interior nonload-bearing walls.

2. Where snow loads are less than or equal to 25 pounds per square foot (1.198 kPa), and the ultimate design wind speed is less than or equal to 130 mph (58.11 m/s), 2-inch by 6-inch (38 mm by 140 mm) studs supporting a roof load with not more than six feet (1829 mm) of tributary length shall have a maximum height of 18 feet (5486 mm) where spaced at 16 inches (406 mm) on center, or 20 feet (6096 mm) where spaced at 12 inches (305 mm) on center. Studs shall be minimum No. 2 grade lumber.

54. Delete Table R602.3.1.

55. Change Figure R602.3(2) to read:

56. Change the column entries under the heading "Wood Species" in Table R602.7.1 to read:

Spruce-Pine-Fir Hem-Fir Douglas-Fir or No. 1 Grade Southern Pine

57. Add Section R602.7.4 to read:

R602.7.4 Supports for headers. Headers shall be supported on each end with one or more jack studs in accordance with Table R505.5(1) or Table R502.5(2). A king stud shall be adjacent to the jack stud on each end of the header and nailed at each end of the header with 4-12d nails.

58. Change Section R602.10 to read:

R602.10 Wall bracing. Buildings shall be braced in accordance with this section or Section R602.12. Where a building, or portion thereof, does not comply with one or more of the bracing requirements in this section, those portions shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section R301.1.

The building official shall be permitted to require the permit applicant to identify braced wall lines and braced wall panels on the construction documents as described in this section and provide associated analysis. The building official shall be permitted to waive the analysis of the upper floors where the cumulative length of wall openings of each upper floor wall is less than or equal to the length of the openings of the wall directly below.

59. Change the following row and footnotes in Table R602.10.3(1) to read:

	Basic Wind Speed (mph)	Story Location	Braced Wall Line Spacingb (feet)	Method LIBc	Method GB	Methods DWB, WSP, SFB, PBS, PCP, HPS, BV-WSP, ABW, PFH, PFG, CS-SFBd	Methods CS-WSP, CS-G, CS-PF
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 305 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s. a. Linear interpolation shall be permitted. b. Where a braced wall line has parallel braced wall lines on one or both sides of differing dimensions, the average dimension shall be permitted to be used for braced wall line spacing. c. Method LIB shall have gypsum board fastened to at least one side with nails or screws per Table R602.3(1) for exterior sheathing or Table R702.3.5 for interior gypsum board. Spacing of fasteners at panel edges shall not exceed eight inches (203 mm). d. Method CS-SFB does not apply where the wind speed is greater than 100 mph.

60. Change Section R602.10.4.1 to read:

R602.10.4.1 Mixing methods. Mixing of bracing methods shall be permitted as follows:

1. Mixing bracing methods from braced wall line to braced wall line shall be permitted.

2. Mixing intermittent bracing methods along a braced wall line shall be permitted in Seismic Design Categories A and B, and detached dwellings in Seismic Design Category C, provided the length of bracing in accordance with Table R602.10.3(1) or R602.10.3(3) is the highest value of all bracing methods used.

3. Mixing of methods CS-WSP, CS-G, CS-PF, ABW, PFH, and PFG along a braced wall line shall be permitted.

4. In Seismic Design Categories A and B, and detached dwellings in Seismic Design Category C, mixing of intermittent bracing methods along the interior portion of a braced wall line with continuous sheathing methods along the exterior portion of the same braced wall line shall be permitted. The length of required bracing shall be the highest value of all bracing methods used in accordance with Table R602.10.3(1) or R602.10.3(3). The requirements of Section R602.10.7 shall apply to each end of the continuously sheathed portions of the braced wall line.

61. Change the "CS-PF" row of Table R602.10.5 to read:

CS-PF

16

18

20

22e

24e

1.5 x Actualb

62. Change Items 3.3 and 3.4 of Section R602.10.8.2 to read:

3.3. Blocking panels provided by the roof truss manufacturer and designed in accordance with Section R802.10.

3.4. Blocking, blocking panels, or other methods of lateral load transfer designed in accordance with the AWC WFCM or accepted engineering practice.

63. Change Item 3 of Section R602.10.10 to read:

3. Where the bracing length provided is at least twice the minimum length required by Table R602.10.3(1) and Table R602.10.3(3), blocking at horizontal joints shall not be required in braced wall panels constructed using Methods WSP, SFB, GB, PBS, HPS, CS-WSP or CS-SFB.

64. Change Section R602.10.11 to read:

R602.10.11 Cripple wall bracing. Cripple walls shall be constructed in accordance with Section R602.9 and braced in accordance with this section. Cripple walls shall be braced with the length and method of bracing used for the wall above in accordance with Tables R602.10.3(1) and R602.10.3(3), and the applicable adjustment factors in Tables R602.10.3(2) and R602.10.3(4), respectively, except the length of the cripple wall bracing shall be multiplied by a factor of 1.15. Cripple wall bracing shall comply with Section R602.10.4.3.

65. Replace Section R602.12, including all subsections, with the following:

R602.12 Practical wall bracing. All buildings in Seismic Design Categories A and B and detached buildings in Seismic Design Category C shall be permitted to be braced in accordance with this section as an alternative to the requirements of Section R602.10. Where a building, or portion thereof, does not comply with one or more of the bracing requirements in this section, those portions shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section R301.1. The use of other bracing provisions of Section R602.10, except as specified herein, shall not be permitted.

The building official shall be permitted to require the permit applicant to identify bracing on the construction documents and provide associated analysis. The building official shall be permitted to waive the analysis of the upper floors where the cumulative length of wall openings of each upper floor wall is less than or equal to the length of the openings of the wall directly below.

R602.12.1 Sheathing materials. The following materials shall be permitted for use as sheathing for wall bracing. Exterior walls shall be sheathed on all sheathable surfaces, including infill areas between bracing locations, above and below wall openings, and on gable end walls.

1. Wood structural panels with a minimum thickness of 7/16 inch (9.5 mm) fastened in accordance with Table R602.3(3).

2. Structural fiberboard sheathing with a minimum thickness of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) fastened in accordance with Table R602.3(1).

3. Gypsum board with a minimum thickness of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) fastened in accordance with Table R702.3.5 on interior walls only.

R602.12.2 Braced wall panels. Braced wall panels shall be full-height wall sections sheathed with the materials listed in Section R602.12.1 and complying with the following:

1. Exterior braced wall panels shall have a minimum length based on the height of the adjacent opening as specified in Table R602.12.2. Panels with openings on both sides of differing heights shall be governed by the taller opening when determining panel length.

2. Interior braced wall panels shall have a minimum length of 48 inches (1220 mm) when sheathing material is applied to one side. Doubled-sided applications shall be permitted to be considered two braced wall panels.

3. Braced wall panels shall be permitted to be constructed of Methods ABW, PFH, PFG, and CS-PF in accordance with Section R602.10.4.

4. Exterior braced wall panels, other than the methods listed in Item 3 above shall have a finish material installed on the interior. The finish material shall consist of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) gypsum board or equivalent and shall be permitted to be omitted where the required length of bracing, as determined in Section R602.12.4, is multiplied by 1.40, unless otherwise required by Section R302.6.

5. Vertical sheathing joints shall occur over and be fastened to common studs.

6. Horizontal sheathing joints shall be edge nailed to 1‑1/2 inch (38 mm) minimum thick common blocking.

	Table R602.12.2 Braced Wall Panel Lengths
	Location	Wall Height (feet)
		8	9	10	11	12
		Minimum Panel Length (inches)
	Adjacent garage door of one-story garagea	24	27	30	33	36
	Adjacent all other openingsb
	Clear opening height (inches) ≤ 64	24	27	30	33	36
	Clear opening height (inches) ≤ 72	27	27	30	33	36
	Clear opening height (inches) ≤ 80	30	30	30	33	36
	Clear opening height (inches) > 80	36	36	36	40	40
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Braced wall panels supporting a gable end wall or roof load only. b. Interpolation shall be permitted.

R602.12.3 Circumscribed rectangle. Required length of bracing shall be determined by circumscribing one or more rectangles around the entire building or portions thereof as shown in Figure R602.12.3. Rectangles shall surround all enclosed offsets and projections such as sunrooms and attached garages. Chimneys, partial height projections, and open structures, such as carports and decks, shall be excluded from the rectangle. Each rectangle shall have no side greater than 80 feet (24 384 mm) with a maximum 3:1 ratio between the long and short side. Rectangles shall be permitted to be skewed to accommodate angled projections as shown in Figure R602.12.4.3.

R602.12.4 Required length of bracing. The required length of bracing for each side of a circumscribed rectangle shall be determined using Table R602.12.4. Where multiple rectangles share a common side or sides, the required length of bracing shall equal the sum of the required lengths from all shared rectangle sides.

Table R602.12.4 Required Length of Bracing Along Each Side of a Circumscribed Rectanglea,b,c
Wind Speed	Eave-to-Ridge Height (feet)	Number of Floor Levels Abovee,f	Required Length of Bracing on Front/Rear Side (feet)								Required Length of Bracing on Left/Right Side (feet)
			Length of Left/Right Side (feet)								Length of Front/Rear Side (feet)
			10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80
90	10	0	2.0	3.5	5.0	6.0	7.5	9.0	10.5	12.0	2.0	3.5	5.0	6.0	7.5	9.0	10.5	12.0
		1 d	3.5	6.5	9.0	12.0	14.5	17.0	19.8	22.6	3.5	6.5	9.0	12.0	14.5	17.0	19.8	22.6
		2 d	5.0	9.5	13.5	17.5	21.5	25.0	29.2	33.4	5.0	9.5	13.5	17.5	21.5	25.0	29.2	33.4
	15	0	2.6	4.6	6.5	7.8	9.8	11.7	13.7	15.7	2.6	4.6	6.5	7.8	9.8	11.7	13.7	15.7
		1 d	4.0	7.5	10.4	13.8	16.7	19.6	22.9	26.2	4.0	7.5	10.4	13.8	16.7	19.6	22.9	26.2
		2 d	5.5	10.5	14.9	19.3	23.7	27.5	32.1	36.7	5.5	10.5	14.9	19.3	23.7	27.5	32.1	36.7
	20	0	2.9	5.2	7.3	8.8	11.1	13.2	15.4	17.6	2.9	5.2	7.3	8.8	11.1	13.2	15.4	17.6
		1 d	4.5	8.5	11.8	15.6	18.9	22.1	25.8	29.5	4.5	8.5	11.8	15.6	18.9	22.1	25.8	29.5
		2 d	6.2	11.9	16.8	21.8	27.3	31.1	36.3	41.5	6.2	11.9	16.8	21.8	27.3	31.1	36.3	41.5
100	10	0	2.5	4.0	6.0	7.5	9.5	11.0	12.8	14.6	2.5	4.0	6.0	7.5	9.5	11.0	12.8	14.6
		1 d	4.5	8.0	11.0	14.5	18.0	21.0	24.5	28.0	4.5	8.0	11.0	14.5	18.0	21.0	24.5	28.0
		2 d	6.0	11.5	16.5	21.5	26.5	31.0	36.2	41.4	6.0	11.5	16.5	21.5	26.5	31.0	36.2	41.4
	15	0	3.4	5.2	7.8	9.8	12.4	14.3	16.7	19.1	3.4	5.2	7.8	9.8	12.4	14.3	16.7	19.1
		1 d	5.2	9.2	12.7	16.7	20.7	24.2	28.2	32.2	5.2	9.2	12.7	16.7	20.7	24.2	28.2	32.2
		2 d	6.6	12.7	18.2	23.7	29.2	34.1	39.8	45.5	6.6	12.7	18.2	23.7	29.2	34.1	39.8	45.5
	20	0	3.8	5.9	8.8	11.1	14.0	16.2	18.9	21.6	3.8	5.9	8.8	11.1	14.0	16.2	18.9	21.6
		1 d	5.9	10.4	14.4	18.9	23.4	27.3	31.8	36.3	5.9	10.4	14.4	18.9	23.4	27.3	31.8	36.3
		2 d	7.5	14.4	20.6	26.8	33.0	38.5	44.9	51.3	7.5	14.4	20.6	26.8	33.0	38.5	44.9	51.3
For SI: 1 ft = 304.8 mm. a. Interpolation shall be permitted; extrapolation shall be prohibited. b. For Exposure Category C, multiply the required length of bracing by a factor of 1.20 for a one-story building, 1.30 for a two-story building, and 1.40 for a three-story building. c. For wall height adjustments multiply the required length of bracing by the following factors: 0.90 for 8 feet (2438 mm), 0.95 for 9 feet (2743 mm), 1.0 for 10 feet (3048 mm), 1.05 for 11 feet (3353 mm), and 1.10 for 12 feet (3658 mm). d. Where braced wall panels supporting stories above have been sheathed in wood structural panels with edge fasteners spaced at 4 inches (102 mm) on center, multiply the required length of bracing by 0.83. e. A floor level, habitable or otherwise, contained wholly within the roof rafters or trusses shall not be considered a floor level for purposes of determining the required length of bracing. f. A rectangle side with differing number of floor levels above shall use the greatest number when determining the required length of bracing.

R602.12.4.1 Braced wall panel assignment to rectangle sides. Braced wall panels shall be assigned to the applicable rectangle side and contribute to its required length of bracing. Panels shall be assigned as specified below and as shown in Figure R602.12.4.1.

1. Exterior braced wall panels shall be assigned to the parallel rectangle side on which they are located or in which they face.

2. Interior braced wall panels shall be assigned to the parallel rectangle side on which they are located or in which they face up to 4 feet (1220 mm) away. Interior braced wall panels more than 4 feet (1220 mm) away from a parallel rectangle side shall not contribute.

3. The projections of angled braced wall panels shall be assigned to the adjacent rectangle sides.

R602.12.4.2 Contributing length. The cumulative contributing length of braced wall panels assigned to a rectangle side shall be greater than or equal to the required length of bracing as determined in Section R602.12.4. The contributing length of a braced wall panel shall be as specified below. When applying contributing length to angled braced wall panels, apply the requirements below to each projection:

1. Exterior braced wall panels shall contribute their actual length.

2. Interior braced wall panels shall contribute one-half of their actual length.

3. The contributing length of Methods ABW, PFH, PFG, and CS-PF shall be in accordance with Table R602.10.5.

R602.12.4.3 Common sides with skewed rectangles. Braced wall panels located on a common wall where skewed rectangles intersect, as shown in Figure R602.12.4.3, shall be permitted to be assigned to the parallel rectangle side, and their projections shall be permitted to be assigned to the adjacent skewed rectangle sides.

R602.12.5 Cripple walls and framed walls of walk-out basements. For rectangle sides with cripple walls having a maximum height of 48 inches (1220 mm), the required length of bracing shall be as determined in Section R602.12.4. For rectangle sides with cripple walls having a height greater than 48 inches (1220 mm) at any location or framed walls of a walk-out basement, the required length of bracing shall be determined using Table R602.12.4. Braced wall panels within cripple walls and walls of walk-out basements shall comply with Item 4 of Section R602.12.2.

R602.12.6 Distribution of braced wall panels. Braced wall panels shall be distributed in accordance with the following requirements as shown in Figure R602.12.6.

1. The edge of a braced wall panel shall be no more than 12 feet (3658 mm) from any building corner or rectangle corner.

2. The distance between adjacent edges of braced wall panels shall be no more than 20 feet (6096 mm).

3. Segments of exterior walls greater than 8 feet (2438 mm) in length shall have a minimum of one braced wall panel.

4. Segments of exterior wall 8 feet (2438 mm) or less in length shall be permitted to have no braced wall panels.

R602.12.6.1 Panels adjacent to balloon framed walls. Braced wall panels shall be placed on each side of each story adjacent to balloon framed walls designed in accordance with Section R602.3 with a maximum height of two stories.

R602.12.7 Braced wall panel connection. Braced wall panels shall be connected to other structural elements in accordance with Section R602.10.8.

R602.12.8 Braced wall panel support. Braced wall panels shall be supported in accordance with Section R602.10.9.

66. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.4(1) to read:

	Ceiling Joist Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 5 psf
			2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10
			Maximum ceiling joist spans
			(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
	12	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	12-11 12-5 11‑10 10-1	20‑3 19-6 18-8 14-11	Note a 25-8 24-7 18-9	Note a Note a Note a 22-9
	16	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	11‑9 11‑3 10-9 8-9	18-5 17-8 16-11 12-11	24-3 23‑4 21‑7 16-3	Note a Note a 25-7 19-9
	19.2	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	11‑0 10-7 10-2 8-0	17-4 16-8 15-7 11‑9	22-10 22-0 19-8 14-10	Note a Note a 23‑5 18-0
	24	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	10-3 9-10 9-3 7-2	16-1 15-6 13-11 10-6	21‑2 20‑5 17-7 13-3	Note a 24-0 20‑11 16-1

67. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.4(2) to read:

	Ceiling Joist Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf
			2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10
			Maximum ceiling joist spans
			(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
	12	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	10-3 9-10 9-3 7-2	16-1 15-6 13-11 10-6	21‑2 20‑5 17-7 13-3	Note a 24-0 20‑11 16-1
	16	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	9-4 8-11 8-0 6-2	14-7 14-0 12-0 9-2	19-3 17-9 15-3 11‑6	24-7 20‑9 18-1 14-0
	19.2	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	8-9 8-5 7-4 5-8	13-9 12-9 11‑0 8-4	18-2 16-2 13-11 10-6	23‑1 18-11 16-6 12-9
	24	Southern Pine SS Southern Pine #1 Southern Pine #2 Southern Pine #3	8-1 7-8 6-7 5-1	12-9 11‑5 9-10 7-5	16-10 14-6 12-6 9-5	21‑6 16-11 14-9 11‑5

68. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(1) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf						Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4		2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	11‑3	17-8		23‑4	Note b	Note b	11‑3	17-8	23‑4	Note b	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	10-10	17-0		22-5	Note b	Note b	10-6	15-8	19-10	23‑2	Note b
	Southern Pine #2	10-4	15-7		19-8	23‑5	Note b	9-0	13-6	17-1	20‑3	23‑10
	Southern Pine #3	8-0	11‑9		14-10	18-0	21‑4	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-7	18-6
16	Southern Pine SS	10-3	16-1		21‑2	Note b	Note b	10-3	16-1	21‑2	25-7	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	9-10	15-6		19-10	23‑2	Note b	9-1	13-7	17-2	20‑1	23‑10
	Southern Pine #2	9-0	13-6		17-1	20‑3	23‑10	7-9	11‑8	14-9	17-6	20‑8
	Southern Pine #3	6-11	10-2		12-10	15-7	18-6	6-0	8-10	11‑2	13-6	16-0
19.2	Southern Pine SS	9-8	15-2		19-11	25-5	Note b	9-8	15-2	19-7	23‑4	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	9-3	14-3		18-1	21‑2	25-2	8-4	12-4	15-8	18-4	21‑9
	Southern Pine #2	8-2	12-3		15-7	18-6	21‑9	7-1	10-8	13-6	16-0	18-10
	Southern Pine #3	6-4	9-4		11‑9	14-3	16-10	5-6	8-1	10-2	12-4	14-7
24	Southern Pine SS	8-11	14-1		18-6	23‑8	Note b	8-11	13-10	17-6	20‑10	24-8
	Southern Pine #1	8-7	12-9		16-2	18-11	22-6	7-5	11‑1	14-0	16-5	19-6
	Southern Pine #2	7-4	11‑0		13-11	16-6	19-6	6-4	9-6	12-1	14-4	16-10
	Southern Pine #3	5-8	8-4		10-6	12-9	15-1	4-11	7-3	9-1	11‑0	13-1

69. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(2) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf					Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	10-3	16-1	21‑2	Note b	Note b	10-3	16-1	21‑2	Note b	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	9-10	15-6	20‑5	Note b	Note b	9-10	15-6	19-10	23‑2	Note b
	Southern Pine #2	9-5	14-9	19-6	23‑5	Note b	9-0	13-6	17-1	20‑3	23‑10
	Southern Pine #3	8-0	11‑9	14-10	18-0	21‑4	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-7	18-6
16	Southern Pine SS	9-4	14-7	19-3	24-7	Note b	9-4	14-7	19-3	24-7	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	8-11	14-1	18-6	23‑2	Note b	8-11	13-7	17-2	20‑1	23‑10
	Southern Pine #2	8-7	13-5	17-1	20‑3	23‑10	7-9	11‑8	14-9	17-6	20‑8
	Southern Pine #3	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-7	18-6	6-0	8-10	11‑2	13-6	16-0
19.2	Southern Pine SS	8-9	13-9	18-2	23‑1	Note b	8-9	13-9	18-2	23‑1	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	8-5	13-3	17-5	21‑2	25-2	8-4	12-4	15-8	18-4	21‑9
	Southern Pine #2	8-1	12-3	15-7	16-6	21‑9	7-1	10-8	13-6	16-0	18-10
	Southern Pine #3	6-4	9-4	11‑9	14-3	16-10	5-6	8-1	10-2	12-4	14-7
24	Southern Pine SS	8-1	12-9	16-10	21‑6	Note b	8-1	12-9	16-10	20‑10	24-8
	Southern Pine #1	7-10	12-3	16-2	18-11	22-6	7-6	11‑1	14-0	16-5	19-6
	Southern Pine #2	7-4	11‑0	13-11	16-6	19-6	6-4	9-6	12-1	14-4	16-10
	Southern Pine #3	5-8	8-4	10-6	12-9	15-1	4-11	7-3	9-1	11‑0	13-1

70. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(3) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf					Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	9-10	15-6	20‑5	Note b	Note b	9-10	15-6	20‑5	25-4	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	9-6	14-10	19-0	22-3	Note b	9-0	13-5	17-0	19-11	23‑7
	Southern Pine #2	8-7	12-11	16-4	19-5	22-10	7-8	11‑7	14-8	17-4	20‑5
	Southern Pine #3	6-7	9-9	12-4	15-0	17-9	5-11	8-9	11‑0	13-5	15-10
16	Southern Pine SS	8-11	14-1	18-6	23‑8	Note b	8-11	14-1	18-5	21‑11	25-11
	Southern Pine #1	8-7	13-0	16-6	19-3	22-10	7-10	11‑7	14-9	17-3	20‑5
	Southern Pine #2	7-6	11‑2	14-2	16-10	19-10	6-8	10-0	12-8	15-1	17-9
	Southern Pine #3	5-9	8-6	10-8	13-0	15-4	5-2	7-7	9-7	11‑7	13-9
19.2	Southern Pine SS	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3	Note b	8-5	13-3	16-10	20‑0	23‑7
	Southern Pine #1	8-0	11‑10	15-1	17-7	20‑11	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8
	Southern Pine #2	6-10	10-2	12-11	15-4	18-1	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2
	Southern Pine #3	5-3	7-9	9-9	11‑10	14-0	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6
24	Southern Pine SS	7-10	12-3	16-2	20‑0	23‑7	7-10	11‑10	15-0	17-11	21‑2
	Southern Pine #1	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-4	9-6	12-0	14-1	16-8
	Southern Pine #2	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2	5-5	8-2	10-4	12-3	14-6
	Southern Pine #3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-2	6-2	7-10	9-6	11‑2

71. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(4) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf					Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	8-4	13-1	17-2	21‑11	Note b	8-4	13-1	17-2	21‑5	25-3
	Southern Pine #1	8-0	12-3	15-6	18-2	21‑7	7-7	11‑4	14-5	16-10	20‑0
	Southern Pine #2	7-0	10-6	13-4	15-10	18-8	6-6	9-9	12-4	14-8	17-3
	Southern Pine #3	5-5	8-0	10-1	12-3	14-6	5-0	7-5	9-4	11‑4	13-5
16	Southern Pine SS	7-6	11‑10	15-7	19-11	23‑7	7-6	11‑10	15-7	18-6	21‑10
	Southern Pine #1	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-7	9-10	12-5	14-7	17-3
	Southern Pine #2	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2	5-8	8-5	10-9	12-9	15-0
	Southern Pine #3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-4	6-5	8-1	9-10	11‑7
19.2	Southern Pine SS	7-1	11‑2	14-8	18-3	21‑7	7-1	11‑2	14-2	16-11	20‑0
	Southern Pine #1	6-6	9-8	12-3	14-4	17-1	6-0	9-0	11‑4	13-4	15-9
	Southern Pine #2	5-7	8-4	10-7	12-6	14-9	5-2	7-9	9-9	11‑7	13-8
	Southern Pine #3	4-3	6-4	8-0	9-8	11‑5	4-0	5-10	7-4	8-11	10-7
24	Southern Pine SS	6-7	10-4	13-8	16-4	19-3	6-7	10-0	12-8	15-2	17-10
	Southern Pine #1	5-10	8-8	11‑0	12-10	15-3	5-5	8-0	10-2	11‑11	14-1
	Southern Pine #2	5-0	7-5	9-5	11‑3	13-2	4-7	6-11	8-9	10-5	12-3
	Southern Pine #3	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3	3-6	5-3	6-7	8-0	9-6

72. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(5) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf					Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	8-11	14-1	18-6	23‑8	Note b	8-11	14-1	18-6	23‑8	Note b
	Southern Pine #1	8-7	13-6	17-10	22-3	Note b	8-7	13-5	17-0	19-11	23‑7
	Southern Pine #2	8-3	12-11	16-4	19-5	22-10	7-8	11‑7	14-8	17-4	20‑5
	Southern Pine #3	6-7	9-9	12-4	15-0	17-9	5-11	8-9	11‑0	13-5	15-10
16	Southern Pine SS	8-1	12-9	16-10	21‑6	Note b	8-1	12-9	16-10	21‑6	25-11
	Southern Pine #1	7-10	12-3	16-2	19-3	22-10	7-10	11‑7	14-9	17-3	20‑5
	Southern Pine #2	7-6	11‑2	14-2	16-10	19-10	6-8	10-0	12-8	15-1	17-9
	Southern Pine #3	5-9	8-6	10-8	13-0	15-4	5-2	7-7	9-7	11‑7	13-9
19.2	Southern Pine SS	7-8	12-0	15-10	20-2	24-7	7-8	12-0	15-10	20‑0	23‑7
	Southern Pine #1	7-4	11‑7	15-1	17-7	20‑11	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8
	Southern Pine #2	6-10	10-2	12-11	15-4	18-1	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2
	Southern Pine #3	5-3	7-9	9-9	11‑10	14-0	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6
24	Southern Pine SS	7-1	11‑2	14-8	18-9	22-10	7-1	11‑2	14-8	17-11	21‑2
	Southern Pine #1	6-10	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-4	9-6	12-0	14-1	16-8
	Southern Pine #2	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2	5-5	8-2	10-4	12-3	14-6
	Southern Pine #3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-2	6-2	7-10	9-6	11‑2

73. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(6) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf					Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	7-6	11‑0	15-7	19-11	24-3	7-6	11‑10	15-7	19-11	24-3
	Southern Pine #1	7-3	11‑5	15-0	18-2	21‑7	7-3	11‑4	14-5	16-10	20‑0
	Southern Pine #2	6-11	10-6	13-4	15-10	18-8	6-6	9-9	12-4	14-8	17-3
	Southern Pine #3	5-5	8-0	10-1	12-3	14-6	5-0	7-5	9-4	11‑4	13-5
16	Southern Pine SS	6-10	10-9	14-2	18-1	22-0	6-10	10-9	14-2	18-1	21‑10
	Southern Pine #1	6-7	10-4	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-7	9-10	12-5	14-7	17-3
	Southern Pine #2	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2	5-8	8-5	10-9	12-9	15-0
	Southern Pine #3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-4	6-5	8-1	9-10	11‑7
19.2	Southern Pine SS	6-5	10-2	13-4	17-0	20‑9	6-5	10-2	13-4	16-11	20‑0
	Southern Pine #1	6-2	9-8	12-3	14-4	17-1	6-0	9-0	11‑4	13-4	13-8
	Southern Pine #2	5-7	8-4	10-7	12-6	14-9	5-2	7-9	9-9	11‑7	15-9
	Southern Pine #3	4-3	6-4	8-0	9-8	11‑5	4-0	5-10	7-4	8-11	10-7
24	Southern Pine SS	6-0	9-5	12-5	15-10	19-3	6-0	9-5	12-5	15-2	17-10
	Southern Pine #1	5-9	8-8	11‑0	12-10	15-3	5-5	8-0	10-2	11‑11	14-1
	Southern Pine #2	5-0	7-5	9-5	11‑3	13-2	4-7	6-11	8-9	10-5	12-3
	Southern Pine #3	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3	3-6	5-3	6-7	8-0	9-6

74. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(7) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf					Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	7-5	11‑8	15-4	19-7	23‑7	7-5	11‑8	15-4	18-10	22-3
	Southern Pine #1	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-9	10-0	12-8	14-10	17-7
	Southern Pine #2	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2	5-9	8-7	10-11	12-11	15-3
	Southern Pine #3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11‑10
16	Southern Pine SS	6-9	10-7	14-0	17-4	20‑5	6-9	10-7	13-9	16-4	19-3
	Southern Pine #1	6-2	9-2	11‑8	13-8	16-2	5-10	8-8	11‑0	12-10	15-3
	Southern Pine #2	5-3	7-11	10-0	11‑11	14-0	5-0	7-5	9-5	11‑3	13-2
	Southern Pine #3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-2	10-10	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3
19.2	Southern Pine SS	6-4	10-0	13-2	15-10	18-8	6-4	9-10	12-6	14-11	17-7
	Southern Pine #1	5-8	8-5	10-8	12-5	14-9	5-4	7-11	10-0	11‑9	13-11
	Southern Pine #2	4-10	7-3	9-2	10-10	12-9	4-6	6-10	8-8	10-3	12-1
	Southern Pine #3	3-8	5-6	6-11	8-4	9-11	3-6	5-2	6-6	7-11	9-4
24	Southern Pine SS	5-11	9-3	11‑11	14-2	16-8	5-11	8-10	11‑2	13-4	15-9
	Southern Pine #1	5-0	7-6	9-6	11‑1	13-2	4-9	7-1	9-0	10-6	12-5
	Southern Pine #2	4-4	6-5	8-2	9-9	11‑5	4-1	6-1	7-9	9-2	10-9
	Southern Pine #3	3-4	4-11	6-2	7-6	8-10	3-1	4-7	5-10	7-1	8-4

75. Change the indicated rows of Table R802.5.1(8) to read:

Rafter Spacing (inches)	Species and Grade	Dead Load = 10 psf					Dead Load = 20 psf
		2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12	2x4	2x6	2x8	2x10	2x12
		Maximum rafter spansa
		(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Southern Pine SS	6-9	10-7	14-0	17-10	21‑8	6-9	10-7	14-0	17-10	21‑8
	Southern Pine #1	6-6	10-2	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-6	10-0	12-8	14-10	17-7
	Southern Pine #2	6-1	9-2	11‑7	13-9	16-2	5-9	8-7	10-11	12-11	15-3
	Southern Pine #3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11‑10
16	Southern Pine SS	6-1	9-7	12-8	16-2	19-8	6-1	9-7	12-8	16-2	19-3
	Southern Pine #1	5-11	9-2	11‑8	13-8	16-2	5-10	8-8	11‑0	12-10	15-3
	Southern Pine #2	5-3	7-11	10-0	11‑11	14-0	5-0	7-5	9-5	11‑3	13-2
	Southern Pine #3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-2	10-10	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3
19.2	Southern Pine SS	5-9	9-1	11‑11	15-3	18-6	5-9	9-1	11‑11	14-11	17-7
	Southern Pine #1	5-6	8-5	10-8	12-5	14-9	5-4	7-11	10-0	11‑9	13-11
	Southern Pine #2	4-10	7-3	9-2	10-10	12-9	4-6	6-10	8-8	10-3	12-1
	Southern Pine #3	3-8	5-6	6-11	8-4	9-11	3-6	5-2	6-6	7-11	9-4
24	Southern Pine SS	5-4	8-5	11‑1	14-2	16-8	5-4	8-5	11‑1	13-4	15-9
	Southern Pine #1	5-0	7-6	9-6	11‑1	13-2	4-9	7-1	9-0	10-6	12-5
	Southern Pine #2	4-4	6-5	8-2	9-9	11‑5	4-1	6-1	7-9	9-2	10-9
	Southern Pine #3	3-4	4-11	6-2	7-6	8-10	3-1	4-7	5-10	7-1	8-4

76. Change Section R807.1 to read:

R807.1 Attic access. Buildings with combustible ceiling or roof construction shall have an attic access opening to attic areas 30 square feet (2.8 m²) or larger having a vertical height of not less than 30 inches (762 mm). The vertical height shall be measured from the top of the ceiling framing members to the underside of the roof framing members.

The rough-framed opening shall not be less than 22 inches by 30 inches (559 mm by 762 mm) and shall be located in a hallway or other readily accessible location. When located in a wall, the opening shall be a minimum of 22 inches wide by 30 inches high (559 mm wide by 762 mm high). When the access is located in a ceiling, minimum unobstructed headroom in the attic space shall be 30 inches (762 mm) at some point above the access measured vertically from the bottom of ceiling framing members. See Section M1305.1.3 for access requirements where mechanical equipment is located in attics.

77. Delete Section R905.2.8.5.

78. Change Section R1001.8 to read:

R1001.8 Smoke chamber. Smoke chamber walls shall be constructed of solid masonry units, hollow masonry units grouted solid, stone, or concrete. The total minimum thickness of front, back, and side walls shall be 8 inches (203 mm) of solid masonry. When the inside surface of the smoke chamber is formed by corbelled masonry, the inside surface shall be parged smooth. When a lining of firebrick at least 2 inches (51 mm) thick, or a lining of vitrified clay at least 5/8 inch (16 mm) thick, is provided, the total minimum thickness of front, back, and side walls shall be 6 inches (152 mm) of solid masonry, including the lining. Firebrick shall conform to ASTM C 1261 and shall be laid with medium duty refractory mortar conforming to ASTM C 199. Vitrified clay linings shall conform to ASTM C 315.

79. Delete Section N1101.16 (R401.3).

80. Change the ceiling R-value and wood frame wall R-value categories for climate zone "4 except Marine" in Table N1102.1.1 (R402.1.1) to read:

	Ceiling R-Value	Wood Frame Wall R-Value
	38	15 or 13 + 1h

81. Change the ceiling U-factor and frame wall U-factor categories for climate zone "4 except Marine" in Table N1102.1.3 (R402.1.3) to read:

	Ceiling U-Factor	Frame Wall U-Factor
	0.030	0.079

82. Change Sections N1102.2.1 (R402.2.1) and N1102.2.4 (R402.2.4) to read:

N1102.2.1 (R402.2.1) Ceilings with attic spaces. When Section N1102.1.1 would require R-38 in the ceiling, installing R-30 over 100% of the ceiling area shall be deemed to satisfy the requirement for R-38 wherever the full height of uncompressed R-30 insulation extends over the wall top plate at the eaves. Similarly, when Section N1102.1.1 would require R-49 in the ceiling, installing R-38 over 100% of the ceiling area shall be deemed to satisfy the requirement for R-49 wherever the full height of uncompressed R-38 insulation extends over the wall top plate at the eaves. This reduction shall not apply to the U-factor alternative approach in Section N1102.1.3 and the total UA alternative in Section N1102.1.4.

N1102.2.4 (R402.2.4) Access hatches and doors. Access doors from conditioned spaces to unconditioned spaces (e.g., attics and crawl spaces) shall be weatherstripped and insulated in accordance with the following values:

1. Hinged vertical doors shall have a minimum overall R-5 insulation value;

2. Hatches and scuttle hole covers shall be insulated to a level equivalent to the insulation on the surrounding surfaces; and

3. Pull down stairs shall have a minimum of 75% of the panel area having R-5 rigid insulation.

Access shall be provided to all equipment that prevents damaging or compressing the insulation. A wood framed or equivalent baffle or retainer is required to be provided when loose fill insulation is installed, the purpose of which is to prevent the loose fill insulation from spilling into the living space when the attic access is opened, and to provide a permanent means of maintaining the installed R-value of the loose fill insulation.

83. Delete Section N1102.3.6 (R402.3.6) and change Sections N1102.4 (R402.4) and N1102.4.1.1 (R402.4.1.1) to read:

N1102.4 (R402.4) Air leakage. The building thermal envelope shall be constructed to limit air leakage in accordance with the requirements of Sections N1102.4.1 through N1102.4.4.

N1102.4.1.1 (R402.4.1.1) Installation (Mandatory). The components of the building thermal envelope as listed in Table N1102.4.1.1 shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and the criteria listed in Table N1102.4.1.1, as applicable to the method of construction. Where required by the code official, an approved third party shall inspect all components and verify compliance.

84. Change the title of the "Criteria" category of Table N1102.4.1.1 (R402.4.1.1); change the "Walls," "Shower/tub on exterior wall," and "Fireplace" categories of Table N1102.4.1.1 (R402.4.1.1), and add footnotes "b" and "c" to Table N1102.4.1.1 (R402.4.1.1) to read:

	Component	Criteriaa,b
	Walls	Cavities within corners and headers shall be insulated by completely filling the cavity with a material having a minimum thermal resistance of R-3 per inch. The junction of the foundation and sill plate shall be sealed. The junction of the top plate and top of exterior walls shall be sealed. Exterior thermal envelope insulation for framed walls shall be installed in substantial contact and continuous alignment with the air barrier. Knee walls shall be sealed.
	Shower/tub on exterior wallc	Exterior walls adjacent to showers and tubs shall be insulated, and an air barrier shall be installed on the interior side of the exterior wall, adjacent to the shower or tub.
	Fireplace	An air barrier shall be installed on fireplace walls. Fireplaces shall have gasketed doors or tight-fitting flue dampers.
	b. Structural integrity of headers shall be in accordance with the applicable building code. c. Air barriers used behind showers and tubs on exterior walls shall be of a permeable material that does not cause the entrapment of moisture in the stud cavity.

85. Change Section N1102.4.1.2 (R402.4.1.2) and add Sections N1102.4.1.2.1 (R402.4.1.2.1), N1102.4.1.2.2 (R402.4.1.2.2), and N1102.4.1.3 (R402.4.1.3) to read:

N1102.4.1.2 (R402.4.1.2) Air sealing. Building envelope air tightness shall be demonstrated to comply with either Section N1102.4.1.2.1 or N1102.4.1.2.2.

N1102.4.1.2.1 (R402.4.1.2.1) Testing option. The building or dwelling unit shall be tested for air leakage. Testing shall be conducted with a blower door at a pressure of 0.2 inches w.g. (50 Pa). Where required by the building official, testing shall be conducted by an approved third party. A written report of the results of the test shall be signed by the party conducting the test and provided to the building official. Testing shall be performed at any time after creation of all penetrations of the building thermal envelope.

During testing:

1. Exterior windows and doors and fireplace and stove doors shall be closed, but not sealed beyond the intended weatherstripping or other infiltration control measures;

2. Dampers, including exhaust, intake, makeup air, backdraft, and flue dampers shall be closed, but not sealed beyond intended infiltration control measures;

3. Interior doors, if installed at the time of the test, shall be open;

4. Exterior doors for continuous ventilation systems and heat recovery ventilators shall be closed and sealed;

5. Heating and cooling systems, if installed at the time of the test, shall be turned off; and

6. Supply and return registers, if installed at the time of the test, shall be fully open.

N1102.4.1.2.2 (R402.4.1.2.2) Visual inspection option. Building envelope tightness shall be considered acceptable when the items listed in Table N1102.4.1.1, applicable to the method of construction, are field verified. Where required by the building official, an approved party, independent from the installer, shall inspect the air barrier. When this option is chosen, whole-house mechanical ventilation shall be provided in accordance with Section M1507.3.

N1102.4.1.3 (R402.4.1.3) Leakage rate (Prescriptive). The building or dwelling unit shall have an air leakage rate less than 5 changes per hour as verified in accordance with Section N1102.4.1.2.

86. Change Section N1103.1.1 (R403.1.1) to read:

N1103.1.1 (R403.1.1) Programmable thermostat. The thermostat controlling the primary heating or cooling system of the dwelling unit shall be capable of controlling the heating and cooling system on a daily schedule to maintain different temperature set points at different times of the day. This thermostat shall include the capability to set back or temporarily operate the system to maintain zone temperatures down to 55°F (13°C) or up to 85°F (29°C). The thermostat shall initially be programmed with a heating temperature set point no higher than 70°F (21°C) and a cooling temperature set point no lower than 78°F (26°C).

87. Change Section N1103.2.2 (R403.2.2) to read:

N1103.2.2 (R403.2.2) Sealing (Mandatory). Ducts, air handlers, and filter boxes shall be sealed. Joints and seams shall comply with Section M1601.4.1 of this code. Verification of compliance with this section shall be in accordance with either Section N1103.2.2.1 or N1103.2.2.2.

Exceptions:

1. Air-impermeable spray foam products shall be permitted to be applied without additional joint seals.

2. Where a duct connection is made that is partially inaccessible, three screws or rivets shall be equally spaced on the exposed portion of the joint so as to prevent a hinge effect.

3. Continuously welded and locking-type longitudinal joints and seams in ducts operating at static pressures less than 2 inches of water column (500 Pa) pressure classification shall not require additional closure systems.

88. Change Section N1103.2.2.1 (R403.2.2.1) to read:

N1103.2.2.1 (R403.2.2.1) Testing option. Duct tightness shall be verified by either of the following:

1. Post-construction test: Total leakage shall be less than or equal to 6 cfm (169.9 L/min) per 100 square feet (9.29 m²) of conditioned floor area when tested at a pressure differential of 0.1 inch w.g. (25 Pa) across the entire system, including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. All register boots shall be taped or otherwise sealed during the test.

2. Rough-in test: Total leakage shall be less than or equal to 5 cfm (141.5 L/min) per 100 square feet (9.29 m²) of conditioned floor area when tested at a pressure differential of 0.1 inch w.g. (25 Pa) across the system, including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. All register boots shall be taped or otherwise sealed during the test. If the air handler is not installed at the time of the test, total leakage shall be less than or equal to 5 cfm (141.5 L/min) per 100 square feet (9.29 m²) of conditioned floor area.

Exception: The total leakage test is not required for ducts and air handlers located entirely within the building thermal envelope.

When this option is chosen, testing shall be performed by approved qualified individuals, testing agencies or contractors. Testing and results shall be as prescribed in Section N1103.2.2 and approved recognized industry standards.

89. Add Section N1103.2.2.2 (R403.2.2.2) to read:

N1103.2.2.2 (R403.2.2.2) Visual inspection option. In addition to the inspection of ducts otherwise required by this code, when the air handler and all ducts are not within conditioned space and this option is chosen to verify duct tightness, duct tightness shall be considered acceptable when the requirements of Section N1103.2.2 are field verified.

90. Add Section N1103.2.2.3 (R403.2.2.3) to read:

N1103.2.2.3 (R403.2.2.1) Sealed air handler. Air handlers shall have a manufacturer's designation for an air leakage of no more than 2.0% of the design air flow rate when tested in accordance with ASHRAE 193.

91. Change Section N1103.4.2 (R403.4.2) to read:

N1103.4.2 (R403.4.2) Hot water pipe insulation (Prescriptive). Insulation for hot water pipe with a minimum thermal resistance (R-value) of R-3 shall be applied to the following:

1. Piping larger than 3/4 inch nominal diameter.

2. Piping serving more than one dwelling unit.

3. Piping located outside the conditioned space.

4. Piping from the water heater to a distribution manifold.

5. Piping located under a floor slab.

6. Buried piping.

7. Supply and return piping in recirculation systems other than demand recirculation systems.

92. Delete Table N1103.4.2 (R403.4.2).

93. Change Section N1103.6 (R403.6) to read:

N1103.6 (R403.6) Equipment and appliance sizing. Heating and cooling equipment and appliances shall be sized in accordance with ACCA Manual S or other approved sizing methodologies based on building loads calculated in accordance with ACCA Manual J or other approved heating and cooling calculation methodologies.

Exception: Heating and cooling equipment and appliance sizing shall not be limited to the capacities determined in accordance with Manual S or other approved sizing methodologies where any of the following conditions apply:

1. The specified equipment or appliance utilizes multi-stage technology or variable refrigerant flow technology and the loads calculated in accordance with the approved heating and cooling methodology fall within the range of the manufacturer's published capacities for that equipment or appliance.

2. The specified equipment or appliance manufacturer's published capacities cannot satisfy both the total and sensible heat gains calculated in accordance with the approved heating and cooling methodology and the next larger standard size unit is specified.

3. The specified equipment or appliance is the lowest capacity unit available from the specified manufacturer.

94. Change Section N1104.1 (R404.1) to read:

N1104.1 (R404.1) Lighting equipment (Mandatory). A minimum of 50% of the lamps in permanently installed luminaires shall be high-efficacy lamps, or a minimum of 50% of the permanently installed luminaires shall contain only high-efficacy lamps.

Exception: Low-voltage lighting shall not be required to utilize high-efficiency lamps.

95. Change the "Glazing" and "Air exchange rate" categories of Table N1105.5.2(1) (Table R405.5.2(1)) to read:

	Building Component	Standard Reference Design	Proposed Design
	Glazinga	Total areab is 15% of the conditioned floor area.	As proposed
	Glazinga	Orientation: equally distributed to four cardinal compass orientations (North, East, South & West).	As proposed
	Glazinga	U-factor: from Table N1102.1.3 (R402.1.3).	As proposed
	Glazinga	SHGC: From Table N1102.1.1 (R402.1.1) except that for climates with no requirement (NR) SHGC = 0.40 shall be used.	As proposed
	Glazinga	Interior shade fraction: 0.92-(0.21 x SHGC for the standard reference design).	0.92-(0.21 x SHGC as proposed)
	Glazinga	External shading: none.	As proposed
	Air exchange rate	Air leakage rate of 5 air changes per hour at a pressure of 0.2 inches w.g (50 Pa). The mechanical ventilation rate shall be in addition to the air leakage rate and the same as in the proposed design, but no greater than 0.01 × CFA + 7.5 × (Nbr + 1) where: CFA = conditioned floor area Nbr = number of bedrooms Energy recovery shall not be assumed for mechanical ventilation.	For residences that are not tested, the same air leakage rate as the standard reference design. For tested residences, the measured air exchange ratec. The mechanical ventilation rated shall be in addition to the air leakage rate and shall be as proposed.

96. Change Section M1401.3 to read:

M1401.3 Equipment and appliance sizing. Heating and cooling equipment and appliances shall be sized in accordance with ACCA Manual S or other approved sizing methodologies based on building loads calculated in accordance with ACCA Manual J or other approved heating and cooling calculation methodologies.

Exception: Heating and cooling equipment and appliance sizing shall not be limited to the capacities determined in accordance with Manual S or other approved sizing methodologies where any of the following conditions apply:

1. The specified equipment or appliance utilizes multi-stage technology or variable refrigerant flow technology and the loads calculated in accordance with the approved heating and cooling methodology fall within the range of the manufacturer's published capacities for that equipment or appliance.

2. The specified equipment or appliance manufacturer's published capacities cannot satisfy both the total and sensible heat gains calculated in accordance with the approved heating and cooling methodology, and the next larger standard size unit is specified.

3. The specified equipment or appliance is the lowest capacity unit available from the specified manufacturer.

97. Add Section M1501.2 to read:

M1501.2 Transfer air. Air transferred from occupiable spaces other than kitchens, baths, and toilet rooms shall not be prohibited from serving as makeup air for exhaust systems. Transfer openings between spaces shall be of the same cross-sectional area as the free area of the makeup air openings. Where louvers and grilles are installed, the required size of openings shall be based on the net free area of each opening. Where the design and free area of louvers and grilles are not known, it shall be assumed that wood louvers will have 25% free area and metal louvers and grilles will have 75% free area.

98. Change Section M1503.4 and add Section M1503.4.1 to read:

M1503.4 Makeup air required. Exhaust hood systems capable of exhausting more than 400 cubic feet per minute (0.19 m³/s) shall be provided with makeup air at a rate approximately equal to the exhaust air rate in excess of 400 cubic feet per minute (0.19 m³/s). Such makeup air systems shall be equipped with a means of closure and shall be automatically controlled to start and operate simultaneously with the exhaust system.

Exception: Intentional openings for makeup air are not required for kitchen exhaust systems capable of exhausting not greater than 600 cubic feet per minute (0.28 m³/s) provided that one of the following conditions is met:

1. Where the floor area within the air barrier of a dwelling unit is at least 1500 square feet (139.35 m²), and where natural draft or mechanical draft space-heating or water-heating appliances are not located within the air barrier.

2. Where the floor area within the air barrier of a dwelling unit is at least 3000 square feet (278.71 m²), and where natural draft space-heating or water-heating appliances are not located within the air barrier.

M1503.4.1 Location. Kitchen exhaust makeup air shall be provided in the same room as the exhaust system or in a room or duct system communicating through one or more permanent openings with the room in which such exhaust system is located. Permanent openings shall be at least of the same net cross-sectional area as the required area of the makeup air openings.

99. Add Section M1801.1.1 to read:

M1801.1.1 Equipment changes. Upon the replacement or new installation of any fuel-burning appliances or equipment in existing buildings, an inspection or inspections shall be conducted to ensure that the connected vent or chimney systems comply with the following:

1. Vent or chimney systems are sized in accordance with this code.

2. Vent or chimney systems are clean, free of any obstruction or blockages, defects or deterioration and are in operable condition.

Where not inspected by the local building department, persons performing such changes or installations shall certify to the building official that the requirements of Items 1 and 2 of this section are met.

100. Add Section G2425.1.1 to read:

G2425.1.1 Equipment changes. Upon the replacement or new installation of any fuel-burning appliances or equipment in existing buildings, an inspection or inspections shall be conducted to ensure that the connected vent or chimney systems comply with the following:

1. Vent or chimney systems are sized in accordance with this code.

2. Vent or chimney systems are clean, free of any obstruction or blockages, defects, or deterioration and are in operable condition.

Where not inspected by the local building department, persons performing such changes or installations shall certify to the building official that the requirements of Items 1 and 2 of this section are met.

101. Change Section P2601.2 to read:

P2601.2 Connections. Plumbing fixtures, drains and appliances used to receive or discharge liquid wastes or sewage shall be directly connected to the sanitary drainage system of the building or premises, in accordance with the requirements of this code. This section shall not be construed to prevent indirect waste systems.

Exception: Bathtubs, showers, lavatories, clothes washers and laundry trays shall not be required to discharge to the sanitary drainage system where such fixtures discharge to an approved nonpotable gray water system in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections P2909, P2910, and P2911.

102. Change Section P2602.1 to read:

P2602.1 General. The water and drainage system of any building or premises where plumbing fixtures are installed shall be connected to a public or private water supply and a public or private sewer system. As provided for in Section 103.10 of Part I of the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (13VAC5-63) for functional design, water supply sources and sewage disposal systems are regulated and approved by the Virginia Department of Health and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.

Note: See also the Memorandums of Agreement in the "Related Laws Package," which is available from the Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development.

103. Add Section P2901.1.1 to read:

P2901.1.1 Nonpotable fixtures and outlets. Nonpotable water shall be permitted to serve nonpotable type fixtures and outlets in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections P2909, P2910, and P2911.

104. Change Section P2903.5 to read:

P2903.5 Water hammer. The flow velocity of the water distribution system shall be controlled to reduce the possibility of water hammer. A water-hammer arrestor shall be installed where quick-closing valves are utilized, unless otherwise approved. Water hammer arrestors shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's specifications. Water hammer arrestors shall conform to ASSE 1010.

105. Add Section P3002.2.1 to read as follows and delete Section P3009 in its entirety:

P3002.2.1 Tracer wire. Nonmetallic sanitary sewer piping that discharges to public systems shall be locatable. An insulated copper tracer wire, 18 AWG minimum in size and suitable for direct burial or an equivalent product, shall be utilized. The wire shall be installed in the same trench as the sewer within 12 inches (305 mm) of the pipe and shall be installed from within five feet of the building wall to the point where the building sewer intersects with the public system. At a minimum, one end of the wire shall terminate above grade in an accessible location that is resistant to physical damage, such as with a cleanout or at the building wall.

106. Add an exception to Section P3301.1 to read:

Exception: Rainwater nonpotable water systems shall be permitted in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections P2909 and 2911.

107. Add Section P2909 Nonpotable Water Systems.

108. Add Sections P2909.1 through P2909.18, including subsections, to read:

P2909.1 Scope. The provisions of this section shall govern the materials, design, construction, and installation of nonpotable water systems subject to this code.

P2909.1.1 Design of nonpotable water systems. All portions of nonpotable water systems subject to this code shall be constructed using the same standards and requirements for the potable water systems or drainage systems as provided for in this code unless otherwise specified in this section or Section P2910 or P2911, as applicable.

P2909.2 Makeup water. Makeup water shall be provided for all nonpotable water supply systems. The makeup water system shall be designed and installed to provide supply of water in the amounts and at the pressures specified in this code. The makeup water supply shall be potable and be protected against backflow in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section P2902.

P2909.2.1 Makeup water sources. Nonpotable water shall be permitted to serve as makeup water for gray water and rainwater systems.

P2909.2.2 Makeup water supply valve. A full-open valve shall be provided on the makeup water supply line.

P2909.2.3 Control valve alarm. Makeup water systems shall be fitted with a warning mechanism that alerts the user to a failure of the inlet control valve to close correctly. The alarm shall activate before the water within the storage tank begins to discharge into the overflow system.

P2909.3 Sizing. Nonpotable water distribution systems shall be designed and sized for peak demand in accordance with approved engineering practice methods that comply with the applicable provisions of this chapter.

P2909.4 Signage required. All nonpotable water outlets, other than water closets and urinals, such as hose connections, open ended pipes, and faucets shall be identified at the point of use for each outlet with signage that reads as follows: "Nonpotable water is utilized for (insert application name). Caution: nonpotable water. DO NOT DRINK." The words shall be legibly and indelibly printed on a tag or sign constructed of corrosion-resistant waterproof material or shall be indelibly printed on the fixture. The letters of the words shall be not less than 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) in height and in colors in contrast to the background on which they are applied. The pictograph shown in Figure P2909.4 shall appear on the signage required by this section.

P2909.5 Potable water supply system connections. Where a potable water supply system is connected to a nonpotable water system, the potable water supply shall be protected against backflow in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section P2902.

P2909.6 Nonpotable water system connections. Where a nonpotable water system is connected and supplies water to another nonpotable water system, the nonpotable water system that supplies water shall be protected against backflow in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section P2902.

P2909.7 Approved components and materials. Piping, plumbing components, and materials used in the nonpotable water drainage and distribution systems shall be approved for the intended application and compatible with the water and any disinfection or treatment systems used.

P2909.8 Insect and vermin control. Nonpotable water systems shall be protected to prevent the entrance of insects and vermin into storage and piping systems. Screen materials shall be compatible with system material and shall not promote corrosion of system components.

P2909.9 Freeze protection. Nonpotable water systems shall be protected from freezing in accordance with the applicable provisions of Chapter 26.

P2909.10 Nonpotable water storage tanks. Nonpotable water storage tanks shall be approved for the intended application and comply with Sections P2909.10.1 through P2909.10.12.

P2909.10.1 Sizing. The holding capacity of storage tanks shall be sized for the intended use.

P2909.10.2 Inlets. Storage tank inlets shall be designed to introduce water into the tank and avoid agitating the contents of the storage tank. The water supply to storage tanks shall be controlled by fill valves or other automatic supply valves designed to stop the flow of incoming water before the tank contents reach the overflow pipes.

P2909.10.3 Outlets. Outlets shall be located at least 4 inches (102 mm) above the bottom of the storage tank and shall not skim water from the surface.

P2909.10.4 Materials and location. Storage tanks shall be constructed of material compatible with treatment systems used to treat water. Above grade storage vessels shall be constructed using opaque, UV-resistant materials such as tinted plastic, lined metal, concrete, or wood or painted to prevent algae growth. Above grade storage tanks shall be protected from direct sunlight unless their design specifically incorporates the use of the sunlight heat transfer. Wooden storage tanks shall be provided with a flexible liner. Storage tanks and their manholes shall not be located directly under soil or waste piping or sources of contamination.

P2909.10.5 Foundation and supports. Storage tanks shall be supported on a firm base capable of withstanding the storage tank's weight when filled to capacity. Storage tanks shall be supported in accordance with the applicable provisions of the IBC.

P2909.10.5.1 Ballast. Where the soil can become saturated, an underground storage tank shall be ballasted, or otherwise secured, to prevent the effects of buoyancy. The combined weight of the tank and hold down ballast shall meet or exceed the buoyancy force of the tank. Where the installation requires a foundation, the foundation shall be flat and shall be designed to support the storage tank weight when full, consistent with the bearing capability of adjacent soil.

P2909.10.5.2 Structural support. Where installed below grade, storage tank installations shall be designed to withstand earth and surface structural loads without damage.

P2909.10.6 Overflow. The storage tank shall be equipped with an overflow pipe having a diameter not less than that shown in Table P2909.10.6. The overflow outlet shall discharge at a point not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the roof or roof drain, floor or floor drain, or over an open water-supplied fixture. The overflow outlet shall terminate through a check valve. Overflow pipes shall not be directed on walkways. The overflow drain shall not be equipped with a shutoff valve. A minimum of one cleanout shall be provided on each overflow pipe in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section P3005.2.

	Table P2909.10.6 Sizes for Overflow Pipes for Water Supply Tanks
	Maximum Capacity of Water Supply Line to Tank (gpm)	Diameter of Overflow Pipe (inches)
	0 ‑ 50	2
	50 ‑ 150	2-1/2
	150 ‑ 200	3
	200 ‑ 400	4
	400 ‑ 700	5
	700 ‑ 1,000	6
	Over 1,000	8
	For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m.

P2909.10.7 Access. A minimum of one access opening shall be provided to allow inspection and cleaning of the tank interior. Access openings shall have an approved locking device or other approved method of securing access. Below grade storage tanks, located outside of the building, shall be provided with either a manhole not less than 24 inches (610 mm) square or a manhole with an inside diameter not less than 24 inches (610 mm). The design and installation of access openings shall prohibit surface water from entering the tank. Each manhole cover shall have an approved locking device or other approved method of securing access.

Exception: Storage tanks under 800 gallons (3028 L) in volume installed below grade shall not be required to be equipped with a manhole, but shall have an access opening not less than 8 inches (203 mm) in diameter to allow inspection and cleaning of the tank interior.

P2909.10.8 Venting. Storage tanks shall be vented. Vents shall not be connected to the sanitary drainage system. Vents shall be at least equal in size to the internal diameter of the drainage inlet pipe or pipes connected to the tank. Where installed at grade, vents shall be protected from contamination by means of a U-bend installed with the opening directed downward. Vent outlets shall extend a minimum of 12 inches (304.8 mm) above grade, or as necessary to prevent surface water from entering the storage tank. Vent openings shall be protected against the entrance of vermin and insects. Vents serving gray water tanks shall terminate in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections P3103 and P2909.8.

P2909.10.9 Drain. Where drains are provided, they shall be located at the lowest point of the storage tank. The tank drain pipe shall discharge as required for overflow pipes and shall not be smaller in size than specified in Table P2909.10.6. A minimum of one cleanout shall be provided on each drain pipe in accordance with Section P3005.2.

P2909.10.10 Labeling and signage. Each nonpotable water storage tank shall be labeled with its rated capacity and the location of the upstream bypass valve. Underground and otherwise concealed storage tanks shall be labeled at all access points. The label shall read: "CAUTION: NONPOTABLE WATER ‑ DO NOT DRINK." Where an opening is provided that could allow the entry of personnel, the opening shall be marked with the words: "DANGER ‑ CONFINED SPACE." Markings shall be indelibly printed on a tag or sign constructed of corrosion-resistant waterproof material mounted on the tank or shall be indelibly printed on the tank. The letters of the words shall be not less than 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) in height and shall be of a color in contrast with the background on which they are applied.

P2909.10.11 Storage tank tests. Storage tanks shall be tested in accordance with the following:

1. Storage tanks shall be filled with water to the overflow line prior to and during inspection. All seams and joints shall be left exposed and the tank shall remain water tight without leakage for a period of 24 hours.

2. After 24 hours, supplemental water shall be introduced for a period of 15 minutes to verify proper drainage of the overflow system and verify that there are no leaks.

3. Following a successful test of the overflow system, the water level in the tank shall be reduced to a level that is at 2 inches (50.8 mm) below the makeup water offset point. The tank drain shall be observed for proper operation. The makeup water system shall be observed for proper operation, and successful automatic shutoff of the system at the refill threshold shall be verified. Water shall not be drained from the overflow at any time during the refill test.

4. Air tests shall be permitted in lieu of water testing as recommended by the tank manufacturer or the tank standard.

P2909.10.12 Structural strength. Storage tanks shall meet the applicable structural strength requirements of the IBC.

P2909.11 Trenching requirements for nonpotable water system piping. Underground nonpotable water system piping shall be horizontally separated from the building sewer and potable water piping by 5 feet (1524 m) of undisturbed or compacted earth. Nonpotable water system piping shall not be located in, under, or above sewage systems cesspools, septic tanks, septic tank drainage fields, or seepage pits. Buried nonpotable water system piping shall comply with the requirements of this code for the piping material installed.

Exceptions:

1. The required separation distance shall not apply where the bottom of the nonpotable water pipe within 5 feet (1524 mm) of the sewer is equal to or greater than 12 inches (305 mm) above the top of the highest point of the sewer and the pipe materials conforms to Table P3002.2.

2. The required separation distance shall not apply where the bottom of the potable water service pipe within 5 feet (1524 mm) of the nonpotable water pipe is a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) above the top of the highest point of the nonpotable water pipe and the pipe materials comply with the requirements of Table P2905.5.

3. Nonpotable water pipe is permitted to be located in the same trench with building sewer piping, provided that such sewer piping is constructed of materials that comply with the requirements of Table P3002.1(2).

4. The required separation distance shall not apply where a nonpotable water pipe crosses a sewer pipe, provided that the pipe is sleeved to at least 5 feet (1524 mm) horizontally from the sewer pipe centerline on both sides of such crossing with pipe materials that comply with Table P3002.1(2).

5. The required separation distance shall not apply where a potable water service pipe crosses a nonpotable water pipe provided that the potable water service pipe is sleeved for a distance of at least 5 feet (1524 mm) horizontally from the centerline of the nonpotable pipe on both sides of such crossing with pipe materials that comply with Table P3002.1(2).

P2909.12 Outdoor outlet access. Sillcocks, hose bibs, wall hydrants, yard hydrants, and other outdoor outlets that are supplied by nonpotable water shall be located in a locked vault or shall be operable only by means of a removable key.

P2909.13 Drainage and vent piping and fittings. Nonpotable drainage and vent pipe and fittings shall comply with the applicable material standards and installation requirements in accordance with provisions of Chapter 30.

P2909.13.1 Labeling and marking. Identification of nonpotable drainage and vent piping shall not be required.

P2909.14 Pumping and control system. Mechanical equipment, including pumps, valves, and filters, shall be accessible and removable in order to perform repair, maintenance, and cleaning. The minimum flow rate and flow pressure delivered by the pumping system shall be designed for the intended application in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section P2903.

P2909.15 Water-pressure reducing valve or regulator. Where the water pressure supplied by the pumping system exceeds 80 psi (552 kPa) static, a pressure-reducing valve shall be installed to reduce the pressure in the nonpotable water distribution system piping to 80 psi (552 kPa) static or less. Pressure-reducing valves shall be specified and installed in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section P2903.3.1.

P2909.16 Distribution pipe. Distribution piping utilized in nonpotable water stems shall comply with Sections P2909.16.1 through P2909.16.4.

P2909.16.1 Materials, joints, and connections. Distribution piping and fittings shall comply with the applicable material standards and installation requirements in accordance with applicable provisions of Chapter 29.

P2909.16.2 Design. Distribution piping shall be designed and sized in accordance with the applicable provisions of Chapter 29.

P2909.16.3 Labeling and marking. Distribution piping labeling and marking shall comply with Section P2901.1.

P2909.16.4 Backflow prevention. Backflow preventers shall be installed in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section P2902.

P2909.17 Tests and inspections. Tests and inspections shall be performed in accordance with Sections P2909.17.1 through P2909.17.5.

P2909.17.1 Drainage and vent pipe test. Drain, waste, and vent piping used for gray water and rainwater nonpotable water systems shall be tested in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section P2503.

P2909.17.2 Storage tank test. Storage tanks shall be tested in accordance with the Section P2909.10.11.

P2909.17.3 Water supply system test. Nonpotable distribution piping shall be tested in accordance with Section P2503.7.

P2909.17.4 Inspection and testing of backflow prevention assemblies. The testing of backflow preventers and backwater valves shall be conducted in accordance with Section P2503.8.

P2909.17.5 Inspection of vermin and insect protection. Inlets and vent terminations shall be visually inspected to verify that each termination is installed in accordance with Section P2909.10.8.

P2909.18 Operation and maintenance manuals. Operations and maintenance materials for nonpotable water systems shall be provided as prescribed by the system component manufacturers and supplied to the owner to be kept in a readily accessible location.

109. Add Section P2910 Gray Water Nonpotable Water Systems.

110. Add Sections P2910.1 through P2910.6, including subsections, to read:

P2910.1 Gray water nonpotable water systems. This code is applicable to the plumbing fixtures, piping or piping systems, storage tanks, drains, appurtenances, and appliances that are part of the distribution system for gray water within buildings and to storage tanks and associated piping that are part of the distribution system for gray water outside of buildings. This code does not regulate equipment used for, or the methods of, processing, filtering, or treating gray water, which may be regulated by the Virginia Department of Health or the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.

P2910.1.1 Separate systems. Gray water nonpotable water systems, unless approved otherwise under the permit from the Virginia Department of Health, shall be separate from the potable water system of a building with no cross connections between the two systems except as permitted by the Virginia Department of Health.

P2910.2 Water quality. Each application of gray water reuse shall meet the minimum water quality requirements set forth in Sections P2910.2.1 through P2910.2.4 unless otherwise superseded by other state agencies.

P2910.2.1 Disinfection. Where the intended use or reuse application for nonpotable water requires disinfection or other treatment or both, it shall be disinfected as needed to ensure that the required water quality is delivered at the point of use or reuse.

P2910.2.2 Residual disinfectants. Where chlorine is used for disinfection, the nonpotable water shall contain not more than 4 parts per million (4 mg/L) of free chlorine, combined chlorine, or total chlorine. Where ozone is used for disinfection, the nonpotable water shall not exceed 0.1 parts per million (by volume) of ozone at the point of use.

P2910.2.3 Filtration. Water collected for reuse shall be filtered as required for the intended end use. Filters shall be accessible for inspection and maintenance. Filters shall utilize a pressure gauge or other approved method to indicate when a filter requires servicing or replacement. Shutoff valves installed immediately upstream and downstream of the filter shall be included to allow for isolation during maintenance.

P2910.2.4 Filtration required. Gray water utilized for water closet and urinal flushing applications shall be filtered by a 100 micron or finer filter.

P2910.3 Storage tanks. Storage tanks utilized in gray water nonpotable water systems shall comply with Section P2909.10.

P2910.4 Retention time limits. Untreated gray water shall be retained in storage tanks for a maximum of 24 hours.

P2910.5 Tank location. Storage tanks shall be located with a minimum horizontal distance between various elements as indicated in Table P2910.5.1.

	Table P2910.5.1 Location of Nonpotable Gray Water Reuse Storage Tanks
	Element	Minimum Horizontal Distance from Storage Tank (feet)
	Lot line adjoining private lots	5
	Sewage systems	5
	Septic tanks	5
	Water wells	50
	Streams and lakes	50
	Water service	5
	Public water main	10

P2910.6 Valves. Valves shall be supplied on gray water nonpotable water drainage systems in accordance with Sections P2910.6.1 and P2910.6.2.

P2910.6.1 Bypass valve. One three-way diverter valve certified to NSF 50 or other approved device shall be installed on collection piping upstream of each storage tank, or drainfield, as applicable, to divert untreated gray water to the sanitary sewer to allow servicing and inspection of the system. Bypass valves shall be installed downstream of fixture traps and vent connections. Bypass valves shall be labeled to indicate the direction of flow, connection, and storage tank or drainfield connection. Bypass valves shall be provided with access for operation and maintenance. Two shutoff valves shall not be installed to serve as a bypass valve.

P2910.6.2 Backwater valve. Backwater valves shall be installed on each overflow and tank drain pipe to prevent unwanted water from draining back into the storage tank. If the overflow and drain piping arrangement is installed to physically not allow water to drain back into the tank, such as in the form of an air gap, backwater valves shall not be required. Backwater valves shall be constructed and installed in accordance with Section P3008.

111. Add Section P2911 Rainwater Nonpotable Water Systems.

112. Add Sections P2911.1 through P2911.10, including subsections, to read:

P2911.1 General. The provisions of this section shall govern the design, construction, installation, alteration, and repair of rainwater nonpotable water systems for the collection, storage, treatment, and distribution of rainwater for nonpotable applications.

P2911.2 Water quality. Each application of rainwater reuse shall meet the minimum water quality requirements set forth in Sections P2911.2.1 through P2911.2.4 unless otherwise superseded by other state agencies.

P2911.2.1 Disinfection. Where the intended use or reuse application for nonpotable water requires disinfection or other treatment or both, it shall be disinfected as needed to ensure that the required water quality is delivered at the point of use or reuse.

P2911.2.2 Residual disinfectants. Where chlorine is used for disinfection, the nonpotable water shall contain not more than 4 parts per million (4 mg/L) of free chlorine, combined chlorine, or total chlorine. Where ozone is used for disinfection, the nonpotable water shall not exceed 0.1 parts per million (by volume) of ozone at the point of use.

P2911.2.3 Filtration. Water collected for reuse shall be filtered as required for the intended end use. Filters shall be accessible for inspection and maintenance. Filters shall utilize a pressure gauge or other approved method to indicate when a filter requires servicing or replacement. Shutoff valves installed immediately upstream and downstream of the filter shall be included to allow for isolation during maintenance.

P2911.2.4 Filtration required. Rainwater utilized for water closet and urinal flushing applications shall be filtered by a 100 micron or finer filter.

P2911.3 Collection surface. Rainwater shall be collected only from aboveground impervious roofing surfaces constructed from approved materials. Overflow or discharge piping from appliances or equipment or both, including but not limited to evaporative coolers, water heaters, and solar water heaters shall not discharge onto rainwater collection surfaces.

P2911.4 Collection surface diversion. At a minimum, the first 0.04 inches (1.016 mm) of each rain event of 25 gallons (94.6 L) per 1000 square feet (92.9 m²) shall be diverted from the storage tank by automatic means and not require the operation of manually operated valves or devices. Diverted water shall not drain onto other collection surfaces that are discharging to the rainwater system or to the sanitary sewer. Such water shall be diverted from the storage tank and discharged in an approved location.

P2911.5 Pre-tank filtration. Downspouts, conductors, and leaders shall be connected to a pre-tank filtration device. The filtration device shall not permit materials larger than 0.015 inches (0.4 mm).

P2911.6 Roof gutters and downspouts. Gutters and downspouts shall be constructed of materials that are compatible with the collection surface and the rainwater quality for the desired end use. Joints shall be made watertight.

P2911.6.1 Slope. Roof gutters, leaders, and rainwater collection piping shall slope continuously toward collection inlets. Gutters and downspouts shall have a slope of not less than 1 unit in 96 units along their entire length, and shall not permit the collection or pooling of water at any point.

P2911.6.2 Size. Gutters and downspouts shall be installed and sized in accordance with local rainfall rates.

P2911.6.3 Cleanouts. Cleanouts or other approved openings shall be provided to permit access to all filters, flushes, pipes, and downspouts.

P2911.7 Storage tanks. Storage tanks utilized in rainwater nonpotable water systems shall comply with Section P2909.10.

P2911.8 Location. Storage tanks shall be located with a minimum horizontal distance between various elements as indicated in Table P2911.8.1.

	Table P2911.8.1 Location of Rainwater Storage Tanks
	Element	Minimum Horizontal Distance from Storage Tank (feet)
	Lot line adjoining private lots	5
	Sewage systems	5
	Septic tanks	5

P2911.9 Valves. Valves shall be installed in collection and conveyance drainage piping of rainwater nonpotable water systems in accordance with Sections P2911.9.1 and P2911.9.2.

P2911.9.1 Influent diversion. A means shall be provided to divert storage tank influent to allow maintenance and repair of the storage tank system.

P2911.9.2 Backwater valve. Backwater valves shall be installed on each overflow and tank drain pipe to prevent unwanted water from draining back into the storage tank. If the overflow and drain piping arrangement is installed to physically not allow water to drain back into the tank, such as in the form of an air gap, backwater valves shall not be required. Backwater valves shall be constructed and installed in accordance with Section P3008.

P2911.10 Tests and inspections. Tests and inspections shall be performed in accordance with Sections P2911.10.1 through P2911.10.2.

P2911.10.1 Roof gutter inspection and test. Roof gutters shall be inspected to verify that the installation and slope is in accordance with Section P2911.6.1. Gutters shall be tested by pouring a minimum of one gallon of water into the end of the gutter opposite the collection point. The gutter being tested shall not leak and shall not retain standing water.

P2911.10.2 Collection surface diversion test. A collection surface diversion test shall be performed by introducing water into the gutters or onto the collection surface area. Diversion of the first quantity of water in accordance with the requirements of Section P2911.4 shall be verified.

113. Add Section E3601.8 to read:

E3601.8 Energizing service equipment. The building official shall give permission to energize the electrical service equipment of a one-family or two-family dwelling unit when all of the following requirements have been approved:

1. The service wiring and equipment, including the meter socket enclosure, shall be installed and the service wiring terminated.

2. The grounding electrode system shall be installed and terminated.

3. At least one receptacle outlet on a ground fault protected circuit shall be installed and the circuit wiring terminated.

4. Service equipment covers shall be installed.

5. The building roof covering shall be installed.

6. Temporary electrical service equipment shall be suitable for wet locations unless the interior is dry and protected from the weather.

114. Change Section E3802.4 to read:

E3802.4 In unfinished basements. Where Type SE or NM cable is run at angles with joists in unfinished basements, cable assemblies containing two or more conductors of sizes 6 AWG and larger and assemblies containing three or more conductors of sizes 8 AWG and larger shall not require additional protection where attached directly to the bottom of the joists. Smaller cables shall be run either through bored holes in joists or on running boards. Type NM or SE cable installed on the wall of an unfinished basement shall be permitted to be installed in a listed conduit or tubing or shall be protected in accordance with Table E3802.1. Conduit or tubing shall be provided with a suitable insulating bushing or adapter at the point the where cable enters the raceway. The sheath of the Type NM or SE cable shall extend through the conduit or tubing and into the outlet or device box not less than 1/4 inch (6.4 mm). The cable shall be secured within 12 inches (305 mm) of the point where the cable enters the conduit or tubing. Metal conduit, tubing, and metal outlet boxes shall be connected to an equipment grounding conductor complying with Section E3908.13.

115. Change Section E3902.12 to read:

E3902.12 Arc-fault protection of bedroom outlets. All branch circuits that supply 120-volt, single phase, 15-ampere and 20-ampere outlets installed in bedrooms shall be protected by a combination type arc-fault circuit interrupter installed to provide protection of the branch circuit.

Exceptions:

1. Where an outlet branch-circuit Type AFCI is installed at the first outlet to provide protection for the remaining portion of the branch circuit, the portion of the branch circuit between the branch-circuit overcurrent device and the first outlet shall be installed with metal outlet and junction boxes and RMC, IMC, EMT, Type MC or steel armored Type AC cables meeting the requirements of Section E3908.8.

2. Where an outlet branch-circuit Type AFCI is installed at the first outlet to provide protection for the remaining portion of the branch circuit, the portion of the branch circuit between the branch-circuit overcurrent device and the first outlet shall be installed with metal or nonmetallic conduit or tubing that is encased in not less than 2 inches (51 mm) of concrete.

3. AFCI protection is not required for an individual branch circuit supplying only a fire alarm system where the branch circuit is wired with metal outlet and junction boxes and RMC, IMC, EMT or steel-sheathed armored cable Type AC, or Type MC meeting the requirements of Section E3908.8.

116. Add the following referenced standards to Chapter 44:

	Standard Reference Number	Title	Referenced in Code Section Number
	ICC ISPSC-12	International Swimming Pool and Spa Code	R325.1
	NFPA 13R-10	Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies Up to and Including Four Stories in Height	R310.1
	NSF 50-09	Equipment for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs and Other Recreational Water Facilities	P2910.6.1

T. Add "Marinas" to the list of occupancies in Section 312.1 of the IBC.

Historical Notes

Derived from Volume 22, Issue 03, eff. November 16, 2005; Errata, 22:5 VA.R. 734 November 14, 2005; amended, Virginia Register Volume 24, Issue 14, eff. May 1, 2008; Errata, 24:16 VA.R. 2293-2294 April 14, 2008; amended, Virginia Register Volume 27, Issue 02, eff. March 1, 2011; Change in Effective Date, 27:5 VA.R. 534 November 8, 2010; amended, Virginia Register Volume 27, Issue 12, eff. March 1, 2011; Volume 30, Issue 16, eff. July 14, 2014; Errata, 30:17 VA.R. 2305 April 21, 2014; Errata, 30:20 VA.R. 2498-2499 June 2, 2014; amended, Virginia Register Volume 30, Issue 21, eff. July 14, 2014; Errata, 30:22 VA.R. 2545 June 30, 2014; Errata, 30:23 VA.R. 2590 July 14, 2014; amended, Virginia Register Volume 30, Issue 25, eff. September 1, 2014.

Statutory Authority

§ 36-98 of the Code of Virginia.